[teod]

That's sort of not too far off from how the human immune system works. The internal database would be your collection of antibodies[1] which match epitopes[2] presented by MHCs[3] on cell surfaces. The presence of Pathogen Associated Molecular-Pattern[4] should trigger a response. In terms of adding to the database, I think monoclonal antibodies[5] have been used to that end. I'm not entirely up-to-date and this is very simplified, so take with a grain of salt.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibody

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epitope

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Major_histocompatibility_compl...

[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathogen-associated_molecular_...

[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monoclonal_antibody#Therapeuti...