This opioid epidemic has made me question my position on legalization of drugs. I had believed that, in general, legalization of drugs would be a good policy -- it worked fine for marijuana where it has been tried, and I doubted that very many people who don't take hard drugs would start doing so if they were legalized. Now, I'm not so sure.
It seems to be the case that some opioid addicts transition from using prescribed medication to illegally obtained medication, which is sometimes illegally produced and adulterated with other drugs. So, it seems that legalizing the recreational use of opiates would enable people to use the "authentic" version of the drug, which is safer.
On the other hand, there are tons of overdoses from prescribed opiates, which are legally obtained; and the overdoses are increasing. Contra my earlier belief, it seems that as access to opiates became easy and legal (via prescriptions), the number of addicts increased dramatically.
This seems to be a situation in which tens of thousands of people will die every year via ingestion of legal drugs unless some kind of intervention is made to remove their access to those drugs. It's hard to see how legalization or decriminalization would make a big difference.
If you read up on Oxycontin, it was formulated and prescribed in a particular way that created many addicts[1]. In particular it was claimed to work for 12 hours when in some people worked for much less. Being on an opiate for pain and then having it wear off and being forced to wait in pain for sometime before taking it again, is a recipe for creating addiction. Many people also were less wary of taking the opiates when prescribed by their doctors.
I'm not sure if the opiate overdoes epidemic is a clear strike against legalization, but it is surely a cautionary tale about supporting a system of all drugs being open sale of unlimited quantities and unlimited advertising. I support some form of drug legalization but, unlike food that is controlled for content but not much else, legal drugs will need more regulation.
I think there are a lot of different ways to "legalize", and the particulars of how you do it amplifies the results when it comes to hard drugs, especially highly addictive opiates.
Putting aside the more libertarian approach to legalization where hard drugs are left to the market and profits are made off of their sale, there are other options.
For instance, where drug use is legal, manufacture is illegal, and addicts are able to get free doses while under the supervision of medical staff. The free availability undercuts any potential black market, supervision severely reduces the potential for overdose, and the medical staff is able to have a regular conversation with the patient about options for getting clean.
Moreover, by turning drug use into a medical and welfare issue, it's my belief that it will prevent addiction by removing the "romance" of hard drug use for first time users.
Marijuana is a totally different story, it's benign enough that market legalization works just fine. But for opiates and amphetamines and the like, you need a very different approach.
That said, the opiate epidemic has shown that we have a problem of overprescription that stems from the pharmaceutical industry, and that's something we'd have to address if we were ever to move towards this approach.
> On the other hand, there are tons of overdoses from prescribed opiates, which are legally obtained;
So what? Nothing is worse than the prison system. Literally, nothing. Risk of death by overdose does not justify shoveling people into the horrific US correctional system.
> tens of thousands of people will die every year via ingestion of legal drugs unless some kind of intervention is made to remove their access to those drugs.
Why shouldn't we let them die? One in six base jumpers will die young while jumping. We don't make that illégal.
I mean, everyone knows you can overdose. So that makes it a conscious choice, and we should preserve people's ability to make an informed choice to put themselves in danger.
>This opioid epidemic has made me question my position on legalization of drugs.
You know what? I am too. If you spoke to me years ago, I'd say much of the danger from opiates comes from not knowing what dose you're taking. Much of the crime comes from the price (due to it being black market). Much of the crime comes from addicts who can't afford their fix (due to the price) or rival dealer (who can't settle disputes in the courts).
Now I think maybe a decriminalization for hard drugs would be better. Purchasing / possessing is not criminalized (or subject to a small fine, like smoking a joint in public is treated in weed-legal states.
(I'm also in support of the states that have ramped up their age to buy tobacco to 21)
Legalization should be accompanied by a comprehensive public health program. The goal should be to eliminate addiction. In particular it should be done like this: When a drug is legalized, it must only be dispensed by licensed health centers / clinics. Anyone can obtain the drug there but must go through public health workers that will help you find treatments. Basically, make addicts come to you so you can keep an eye on their health and help them get better. Fewer addicts also mean greater safety for society due to less criminality.
The problem is not legalization, is the US society that's particularly vulnerable to addiction.
Look at EU, the situation is totally different even where drugs are legal (Holland) or addiction is treated like a disease (Portugal)
Everywhere else you don't hear about "opioid epidemic"
If Russia wants to hurt the U.S., why bother with so nebulous a tool as election tampering? Why should North Korea bother with expensive nuclear weapons to harm the U.S., not that the strategies are exclusive?
Just produce cheap opioids and dump them in our borders, we'll take care of the rest.
When no other action has driven change, financial factors seem to often spur movement. Autopsies in NH are paid for by the state, so a surge will surely trigger a deeper awareness in the legislature. There have also been a number of stories recently about workforce capacity losses and hiring challenges; this places the problem more squarely in the domain of businesses which may have deeper pockets than the government. It is my prediction that before long we'll see lawmakers announcing new public-private initiatives sponsored by large companies to combat the opioid crisis at a community level. I think we're on the leading side of this trend, as government initiatives on the health industry level are just getting rolling, https://www.nih.gov/opioid-crisis
The number of overdose deaths in the EU is ~7500 there, and there is no similar large increase since 2006 (the data in that report doesn't go as far back as the NY Times article data for the US). The report cautions that there is underreporting in some countries, but even then the number seems to be much lower than in the US.
Wait, is your contention that the US can't have a series of worsening problems with drugs over the last 40-50 years as wages have stalled and the economy rotted?
That seems... Unreasonable.
If a problem is growing, every iteration should be the worst in history.
Yes, this time is different -- since white people are dying, we suddenly feel sympathy. When blacks OD from crack, they were thrown into jail and treated like morally failed individuals. When whites die from heroin, we feel sympathy and want to treat them.
> Opioids (including prescription opioids, heroin, and fentanyl) killed more than 33,000 people in 2015, more than any year on record. Nearly half of all opioid overdose deaths involve a prescription opioid.
Open supervised drug injection in clinics would be an excellent mitigation scheme if it were legal. Canada has been demoing such clinics with a lot of success.
Here's how to "fix" the opioid crisis, through healthcare and rehabilitation not criminalization.
When a person gets hooked on opioids, never cut them off cold turkey. At the end of a surgery/injury/treatment with prescribed opioids for pain, our current system makes users go from regularly used/available to not at all, or once addiction is noticed then access ended immediately. This is the root cause of the problem, from there people go out and get street opioids, sometimes heroin and sometimes it is cheapened by fentanyl where you get a few specs of it and you OD. Basically, the cutting off of the user access to the drug from regularly available to none is the MAJOR problem here.
What we need to do is this, taper people off if possible, if not then why not let them continue to get them until they can ween themselves off through rehab. Basically all opioid patients can get them as long as they need but it switches from the doctor to a healthcare specialist in controlling addictions at the end of every opioid prescribed treatment. Some will not need this but for the ones that have been on them for a while due to pain/rehab, there would be no cold turkey stopping. At least if people are hooked, this prevents them from going out and getting heroin laced with fentanyl that could be deadly. We are basically setting people up to die this way in our current system.
Every solution I have seen is to be harsher on doctors expecting them to control it, or harsher on the amounts they give, all that is strong arm tactics and pushing liability on people that don't want it making the problem intensely worse. Instead we should put the liability of addiction on the patient themselves and give them options to help themselves with education and rehab, don't just cut them off and leave them on their own.
We need a health layer in our system that helps people with addictions and getting quality drugs that aren't going to kill them as some people will just do that and some need help, we can pay for it by ending the War on Drugs. Pharmaceuticals will go along with this plan because it allows people to keep getting pharma drugs as long as they need to get off of them, but users won't be doing it alone, nor trying to stop cold turkey. This type of policy will help a large portion of at least the opioid addicts that get hooked through regular medical channels.
Ending the War on Drugs while using that money for healthcare/rehab instead of incarceration, allowing other low level substances like cannabis, and providing people a path to take when they finish with their medical treatment if they find they have an addiction is better. Once the US stops treating drug usage and addictions as a crime and start viewing them as health issues or manageable issues with lower level substances, this will all be much, much better.
[+] [-] twblalock|8 years ago|reply
It seems to be the case that some opioid addicts transition from using prescribed medication to illegally obtained medication, which is sometimes illegally produced and adulterated with other drugs. So, it seems that legalizing the recreational use of opiates would enable people to use the "authentic" version of the drug, which is safer.
On the other hand, there are tons of overdoses from prescribed opiates, which are legally obtained; and the overdoses are increasing. Contra my earlier belief, it seems that as access to opiates became easy and legal (via prescriptions), the number of addicts increased dramatically.
This seems to be a situation in which tens of thousands of people will die every year via ingestion of legal drugs unless some kind of intervention is made to remove their access to those drugs. It's hard to see how legalization or decriminalization would make a big difference.
[+] [-] njarboe|8 years ago|reply
I'm not sure if the opiate overdoes epidemic is a clear strike against legalization, but it is surely a cautionary tale about supporting a system of all drugs being open sale of unlimited quantities and unlimited advertising. I support some form of drug legalization but, unlike food that is controlled for content but not much else, legal drugs will need more regulation.
[1] http://www.latimes.com/projects/oxycontin-part1/
[+] [-] michaelchisari|8 years ago|reply
Putting aside the more libertarian approach to legalization where hard drugs are left to the market and profits are made off of their sale, there are other options.
For instance, where drug use is legal, manufacture is illegal, and addicts are able to get free doses while under the supervision of medical staff. The free availability undercuts any potential black market, supervision severely reduces the potential for overdose, and the medical staff is able to have a regular conversation with the patient about options for getting clean.
Moreover, by turning drug use into a medical and welfare issue, it's my belief that it will prevent addiction by removing the "romance" of hard drug use for first time users.
Marijuana is a totally different story, it's benign enough that market legalization works just fine. But for opiates and amphetamines and the like, you need a very different approach.
That said, the opiate epidemic has shown that we have a problem of overprescription that stems from the pharmaceutical industry, and that's something we'd have to address if we were ever to move towards this approach.
[+] [-] justinmk|8 years ago|reply
So what? Nothing is worse than the prison system. Literally, nothing. Risk of death by overdose does not justify shoveling people into the horrific US correctional system.
> tens of thousands of people will die every year via ingestion of legal drugs unless some kind of intervention is made to remove their access to those drugs.
Thousands of deaths per year? That's your justification for giving the prison system more chum? (500k per year: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_incarceration_ra... )
I don't mean to be emotional, but: I'm curious if you've ever known anyone who spent time in prison, and have heard their candid description of it.
[+] [-] arjie|8 years ago|reply
I mean, everyone knows you can overdose. So that makes it a conscious choice, and we should preserve people's ability to make an informed choice to put themselves in danger.
[+] [-] greggarious|8 years ago|reply
You know what? I am too. If you spoke to me years ago, I'd say much of the danger from opiates comes from not knowing what dose you're taking. Much of the crime comes from the price (due to it being black market). Much of the crime comes from addicts who can't afford their fix (due to the price) or rival dealer (who can't settle disputes in the courts).
Now I think maybe a decriminalization for hard drugs would be better. Purchasing / possessing is not criminalized (or subject to a small fine, like smoking a joint in public is treated in weed-legal states.
(I'm also in support of the states that have ramped up their age to buy tobacco to 21)
[+] [-] tqkxzugoaupvwqr|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] walterstucco|8 years ago|reply
Everywhere else you don't hear about "opioid epidemic"
[+] [-] monort|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] owens99|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] perpetualcrayon|8 years ago|reply
With additional data, government can be more proactive in preventing addiction in the first place.
[+] [-] spodek|8 years ago|reply
Just produce cheap opioids and dump them in our borders, we'll take care of the rest.
Or maybe they're already doing it.
[+] [-] mtreis86|8 years ago|reply
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opium_production_in_Afghanista...
[+] [-] rangibaby|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] oh_sigh|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] galeforcewinds|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] fabian2k|8 years ago|reply
The number of overdose deaths in the EU is ~7500 there, and there is no similar large increase since 2006 (the data in that report doesn't go as far back as the NY Times article data for the US). The report cautions that there is underreporting in some countries, but even then the number seems to be much lower than in the US.
[+] [-] pmoriarty|8 years ago|reply
When have I heard that before?
Maybe during the crack epidemic. Or the meth epidemic. Now it's the opioids' turn.
"But this time it's different," I'm sure.
[+] [-] SomeStupidPoint|8 years ago|reply
That seems... Unreasonable.
If a problem is growing, every iteration should be the worst in history.
[+] [-] pizza|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] thr0waway187|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] vixen99|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] neuronexmachina|8 years ago|reply
https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/index.html
> Opioids (including prescription opioids, heroin, and fentanyl) killed more than 33,000 people in 2015, more than any year on record. Nearly half of all opioid overdose deaths involve a prescription opioid.
[+] [-] foxyv|8 years ago|reply
[+] [-] drawkbox|8 years ago|reply
When a person gets hooked on opioids, never cut them off cold turkey. At the end of a surgery/injury/treatment with prescribed opioids for pain, our current system makes users go from regularly used/available to not at all, or once addiction is noticed then access ended immediately. This is the root cause of the problem, from there people go out and get street opioids, sometimes heroin and sometimes it is cheapened by fentanyl where you get a few specs of it and you OD. Basically, the cutting off of the user access to the drug from regularly available to none is the MAJOR problem here.
What we need to do is this, taper people off if possible, if not then why not let them continue to get them until they can ween themselves off through rehab. Basically all opioid patients can get them as long as they need but it switches from the doctor to a healthcare specialist in controlling addictions at the end of every opioid prescribed treatment. Some will not need this but for the ones that have been on them for a while due to pain/rehab, there would be no cold turkey stopping. At least if people are hooked, this prevents them from going out and getting heroin laced with fentanyl that could be deadly. We are basically setting people up to die this way in our current system.
Every solution I have seen is to be harsher on doctors expecting them to control it, or harsher on the amounts they give, all that is strong arm tactics and pushing liability on people that don't want it making the problem intensely worse. Instead we should put the liability of addiction on the patient themselves and give them options to help themselves with education and rehab, don't just cut them off and leave them on their own.
We need a health layer in our system that helps people with addictions and getting quality drugs that aren't going to kill them as some people will just do that and some need help, we can pay for it by ending the War on Drugs. Pharmaceuticals will go along with this plan because it allows people to keep getting pharma drugs as long as they need to get off of them, but users won't be doing it alone, nor trying to stop cold turkey. This type of policy will help a large portion of at least the opioid addicts that get hooked through regular medical channels.
Ending the War on Drugs while using that money for healthcare/rehab instead of incarceration, allowing other low level substances like cannabis, and providing people a path to take when they finish with their medical treatment if they find they have an addiction is better. Once the US stops treating drug usage and addictions as a crime and start viewing them as health issues or manageable issues with lower level substances, this will all be much, much better.
[+] [-] ComputerGuru|8 years ago|reply
(My brain read it as “overlords” and I was trying to understand why I made that mistake.)
Edit: thanks
[+] [-] grondilu|8 years ago|reply
[deleted]
[+] [-] basicplus2|8 years ago|reply
http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2017/02/27/unemploym...