A font’s dimensions at a given “font-size” are actually completely up to the designer. Something like x-height can only be determined by rendering and then measuring. Editors tend to be full of character measuring code. x-height also doesn’t say anything about the length of descenders and ascenders. Some fonts are exactly the same size though, there a bunch of variations of Courier to be used as a replacement (for licensing reasons). If they’re not designed to the same dimensions you cannot be sure text will fit on the page with the other font. And if they’re the same size they can still look larger or smaller by a wide margin. It’s a wonderful world :)
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