[bwagy]

In some rare cases it might be, i.e. if you had an obscure browser version or browser. But scroll across sessions you wouldn't be able to so in general I'd say no. We've also architected the system such that you can't do that. Clients get end processed data showing how people have consumed content. Further, utilizing things like first party cookies tied to the domain.

We put it through the lens of, what helps clients understand the value of content and if people are actually enjoying it.

In terms of solutions, there is a few - profiling real users, using benchmarks of the outputs to real actions (i.e. people reading content tend to do this after) help a lot. As well as measuring in the first place. A surprising number of people still don't measure adequately.

A soft solution is simplifying the supply chain, keeping it transparent. Accountability drops the further you are from the end customer.

Something I maybe missed in this post, is the cost of this. This is real tangible cost, and we have seen cases over time in the millions of dollars. That's money robbed from creating a free and open internet. Advertising provides a significant subsidy for the eco-system.