[fl0under]

There are projects like Yggdrasil [0] and cjdns [1] which are encrypted, distributed networks. People will generally use these networks on top of the existing internet infrastructure though, because for now that is the most prevalent way computers are connected to each other. But there is nothing stopping people setting up their own mesh networks which could completly or partially avoid the existing internet infrastructure which governments have control over.

Also you may be interested in the SAFE network [2], it's not live yet but been in the works for some time and is getting close, more detail at [3].

0. https://yggdrasil-network.github.io/

1. https://github.com/cjdelisle/cjdns

2. https://safenetwork.org/

3. https://primer.safenetwork.org/