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Single dose of psilocybin eased cancer patients' anxiety, depression for years

238 points| neom | 6 years ago |nbcnews.com | reply

145 comments

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[+] Moodles|6 years ago|reply
I’ve taken mushrooms quite a few times. Sometimes, it’s just been mild and giggling at colors and nature. Pleasant, but just kind of a fun drug.

With a moderate dose, you tend to be introspective and consider your own life and relationships in different ways. There’s usually a lesson at the end.

With higher doses, it’s sometimes been just extremely confusing and not at all fun, to the extent that I’d forget my own name or what I’ve taken and basically just all memories. It’s very frustrating to be in that state, constantly trying not to fly away but not able to ground yourself. It’s a little disturbing, but not horrific. I think the reason for this is that I am afraid to lose my ego/die and I would actually benefit from a slightly higher dose to blast it away...

With really high doses though, it’s been a truly beautiful, enlightening experience. I still think of it sometimes. It’s very difficult to really explain in words, but it feels like kind of extreme empathy with all life. Buddhists would call it going egoless. I just felt very at peace: we all live, we all die, and it’s all okay. I’m not particularly religious or spiritual at all but that experience really changed me. It feels like life is in all these different forms, and you just happen to be one variation of it, but you could easily be any other living thing, so you just feel love and empathy for all life. And you know it’s finite and you’re not afraid of death. I would still attempt to avoid death, but I was just at peace with it if it was inevitable. Also, when you come back to reality you’re utterly, utterly convinced that you’ve experienced something profound, possibly, despite all your rationality, there’s a message form god inside this mushroom. It’s almost like the mushroom is laughing at you: “good luck going back to your normal life now.” You’re left with “wow? That was that?!” It’s annoying honestly, because I’m not religious at all and I know it sounds crazy to even say that out loud. Of course, that feeling does slowly fade away like a distance dream or memory.

A great story it reminds me of is “The Egg” by Andy Weir:

http://www.galactanet.com/oneoff/theegg_mod.html

[+] davebryand|6 years ago|reply
I had a similar experience. I was a burnt out YC startup founder in SF with a wife and kids whose life I was missing, and everything felt off track. I started working with a life coach, left my startup in the capable hands of my co-founders and moved to Raleigh. I soon thereafter had my first psylocibin experience. There were a bunch things shifting in me, but this experience blew my mind open and I haven't been the same since. (Much for the better, of course!)

During that first trip, in a few hours I went from seeing the universe as a mechanistic, "matter is all there is", reality, to directly experiencing that there is so much more. Since then I've gone much deeper down that path and I'm so very thankful for this beautiful medicine for opening my eyes and heart!

[+] state_less|6 years ago|reply
I think mushrooms can open us up to truths that we don't always want to confront and sometimes it allows us to cry and make peace with our existence.

When I grew mushrooms in college, I'd take massive doses of fresh mushrooms simply because I was flush with these amazing fungi.

So I took a massive dose of fresh mushrooms, which I think is a better way to go if you can make it happen, something like over 50g wet. As it sets in, I looked up at the night sky and a drop of water precipitated with all the moments of my life reflected inside it. It was as if I was a single drop from a large ocean. In some ways it was sad, this teardrop would pass someday and return to the ocean. I know it's okay, and I want to say that it's been a lot of fun spending time with everyone.

The experience reminds me of Blade Runner when the replicant confronts his own death.

"I've seen things you people wouldn't believe. Attack ships on fire off the shoulder of Orion. I watched C-beams glitter in the dark near the Tannhäuser Gate. All those moments will be lost in time, like tears in rain. Time to die."

[+] Bartweiss|6 years ago|reply
This ties nicely into the two questions I have about the article.

First, have you seen clear, lasting changes in anxiety and depression? If the single-dose effect for cancer patients really is this strong, it seems like everyone who messed with mushrooms once in college should be 'treated' also.

Second, how well do those feelings of contentment stick around? The stories I hear of enlightenment on mushrooms, DMT, any other "entheogen" all have the element you describe of being unable to grasp the discovery after the trip, and once it's in hindsight I can imagine that memory being anywhere from comforting to aggravatingly out-of-reach.

[+] novoid|6 years ago|reply
I went through a similar realization when I consumed mushrooms a few years ago. Truly beautiful understanding about how connected everything in the universe is, how we're all just a single thing. Even outside the trip, it is an objective notion, it is just that I had to go through the trip to really "know" it in my bones.

However, I now worry whether this has made me too malleable and less assertive. I often have to remind myself that there are people who would take advantage of you given a chance (the dark personality triad); the systems we live in can be very impersonal and hostile; and so we do have to lookout for ourselves and our family. Is there something you can share about this?

[+] monkeynotes|6 years ago|reply
Just to note and call out that not everyone has enlightening experiences with heroic doses.

I've had horrible experiences with a very large dose. I essentially passed out and when I awoke I genuinely thought I had died and was roaming as an invisible spirit. It wasn't until a friend interacted with me I realized I was still alive and began to come down.

I really think anyone should take care when experimenting with powerful hallucinogens. They aren't for everyone and have been known to trigger psychosis and other adverse reactions if one has a family history of mental illness.

[+] ttul|6 years ago|reply
I have found that there is a mid-range of dosage that is "dangerous". In that range, one's perception is altered in an unpleasant way, yet the rush of joy that comes with a higher dose has not kicked in. You are left feeling nervous and even paranoid that the experience will never end. Take a bit more and it shifts into joy; you can embrace the weirdness and just let it take you away.
[+] bambataa|6 years ago|reply
Out of interest, at what kind of dosage did you have the enlightening experience? I've had plenty of introspective experiences, but not much further, at what seemed to me to be fairly high doses.
[+] rrivers|6 years ago|reply
Not at all crazy, I share your experiences. The mushroom is a method to commune with something larger than ourselves. Although I share your lack of faith in traditional religions, the mushroom has me believing that the spiral does indeed go up (just as we know it goes down).
[+] benji_is_me|6 years ago|reply
As someone with both relentless death anxiety and normal anxiety, this piques my interest. Have you had any full blown panic attacks while tripping?
[+] chiefgeek|6 years ago|reply
Exactly this. And doing post trip integration work with a therapist or a group is particularly helpful in weaving the experience into your life.
[+] wyldfire|6 years ago|reply
Hey, that was a good story. Thanks for sharing.
[+] prostheticvamp|6 years ago|reply
1) this study only had a six month follow up. Where did the headline pull five years’ from?

2) there was no placebo group, just low dose and high dose. The investigators called low dose “placebo like,” which anyone familiar with microdosing knows is bullshit.

3) the study size is still fucking tiny. With less than 30 subjects per arm, you can’t take the central limit theorem for granted. With 566 patients screened and 51 accepted, I’m particularly leery - especially since they offloaded all discussion of their exclusion criteria to a supplement no one ever looks at.

4) They used a crossover study. What this means is, as per their methods:

Patient enrolled at week 0. Got low dose (or high dose) at week 4, on average. Got the other dose (high, if the first was low) at week 9. Follow up with outcome measures at week 24.

Crossovers are used to amplify your sample size IFF the effect of the drug is expected to be significantly shorter than the time period between administrations.

In this case, that’s not true: NO previous research suggests that the mood effects of shrooms last significantly <4 weeks. And they know that, which is why their follow up was at 6 months.

In short, this study wasn’t “high dose shrooms show improvement in mood for six months, as shown by comparison to placebo.”

It wasn’t even “high dose shrooms show greater improvement in mood at six months than low dose shrooms”.

It’s “people that take high dose shrooms and then low dose shrooms show better mood in a few months than people that take low dose shrooms and then high dose shrooms, with statistically invalid tests, and no placebo to show that this wasn’t just baseline improvement because, hey, people do cope over time.”

Shit study. Shit shit absolute bullshit.

Edit: My bad. I was looking at the original crap study. Not the 5 year follow up of the crap study. Old crap still crap.

[+] the-alchemist|6 years ago|reply
Some important details from the source:

- "Eighty percent of the patients reported that their symptoms faded, and the effects lasted six months, the 2016 study found. At the time, this long-lasting effect was a landmark finding."

- "The new study ... followed up with 15 of those patients nearly 5 years later, and found that up to 80 percent were still experiencing significant improvements in cancer-related depression and anxiety. Nearly all of the participants attributed their positive life changes to the psychedelic-assisted therapy."

- "Next, he said, researchers need to conduct studies looking at brain scans taken before and after people are given the psychedelics, and also look for biomarkers that could indicate changes in the body."

So this is a follow-up study. Do an experiment, check six months later, and five years later.

Incredible, really. Forget the drug: we have scientifically figured out a life-changing procedure for easing cancer patients' anxiety for _years_ with a single dose. And it's super cheap!

The article also says they're going deep into the research, scanning brains next. Hopefully we'll see results sooner than another five years. :-P

I think the more interesting news is that the government have even allowed such an experiment. Anyone know where this research took place?

P.S. NBC's summary doesn't say (anyone have a sci-hub link to the original?) whether (or how) they accounted for the difference in time. i.e., the world was much different than it was five years ago, and people's anxiety changes too.

[+] hermosabeachbum|6 years ago|reply
Many of the studies are being conducted at NYU and Johns Hopkins. You can find studies at www.maps.org.

Disclosure: I am a participant in a double-blind study at NYU that is researching the use of psilocybin for alcohol use disorder. The results (wanting you drink less) have been incredible. Life changing. The team at NYU is amazing. This is not just taking medicine. It is done with therapy, psychiatrists who are present during sessions (“sitters”) and a heavy focus on set, setting and integration.

[+] _qbjt|6 years ago|reply
It really is a miracle drug when taken in microdoses (and a complete mind fuck in larger doses) but be careful. If you have any trauma in your past that you’ve pushed down to be dealt with later, psilocybin will dig all of that right back to the surface. I love it.
[+] thrwaway69|6 years ago|reply
I wonder where/how you can get it. Are there any medical tests going on that you can participate in?
[+] root_axis|6 years ago|reply
I'm not a biologist, but a biologist friend of mine suggested that these results are specious because it is impossible to double-blind test the effects of psychedelic drugs. Does such skepticism have any merit?
[+] blurbleblurble|6 years ago|reply
I've experienced this firsthand. It reminds you of who you are in a deep, basic way.
[+] blurbleblurble|6 years ago|reply
I need to be open here that I originally misread the title and missed the "cancer patient" part!

I just had a single dose of psilocybin way back when and it calmed me for years. I have not been a cancer patient.

That said, a lot of my depression and anxiety was rooted in losing my father to cancer at the age of 10.

[+] knowa42|6 years ago|reply
Does it remind you of who you are on a personal level, i.e. core values, aspirations, and what makes you happy? Or does it just remind you of your humanity, thus that you're connected to billions of other people through that alone?
[+] kinleyd|6 years ago|reply
i have experienced both depression and anxiety at different times in my life, and have just learned about psilocybin a few weeks ago. Though I've found my own peace (mostly) nearly two decades ago, I'm still determined to get to the bottom of this psilocybin thing!
[+] mousadafousa|6 years ago|reply
Can you expand on what you mean by that? What did it mean for you to be more yourself?
[+] dukha|6 years ago|reply
That's not so surprising, given, that psilocybin dissolves ego almost completely even at standard recreational dosage.

We usually associate ourselves with ego and death is tightly linked with losing of ourselves.

But after you experience ego death once, you quickly realize that you're no longer afraid of death because there are no one who dies.

[+] tallanvor|6 years ago|reply
It certainly does not do this for everyone.

Some people's brains are very good at putting up barriers - it can't stop the hallucinations. It's hard to describe, but the brain can put up barriers. You can feel your mind cycling through stories - books you've read, TV shows and movies you've watched - to keep itself in control.

[+] galangalalgol|6 years ago|reply
What are the legalities surrounding it? TX of all places has legalized thc free hemp agriculture. Shrooms seem to be the next wave of legalization an in some ways it seems like it is already partly legal. Spores at least are legal.
[+] fourstar|6 years ago|reply
Your last statement does not make sense.
[+] Ansil849|6 years ago|reply
The recent documentary Fantastic Fungi [1] covers psilocybin patients as well (alongside other fun fungi facts), worth a watch, IMHO.

[1] https://fantasticfungi.com/

[+] rhcom2|6 years ago|reply
The doses: - low dose (1 or 3 mg/70 kg) vs. a high dose (22 or 30 mg/70 kg)

Also they excluded people using benzodiazepines, SSRIs and MAOIs. I've taken mushrooms while on SSRIs and the trip is usually severely dampened.

[+] outime|6 years ago|reply
For those suffering from similar problems and want to stay legal while giving this a try, you can buy fresh truffles in the Netherlands and do it yourself. For the first trip, it’s very recommended that you get a tripsitter. If you want to try microdosing, it’s not necessary although it’s more of a long-term thing so travelling to NL for that might not be very useful. There are other ways to do this obviously.

The book by Michael Pollan, already suggested here, is a must read if you want to convince yourself and give it a try.

I can also recommend r/microdosing and r/psychonauts.

[+] hemantv|6 years ago|reply
My experience after getting really high on cbd is I see two completely infinite worlds.

One the universe which is ever expanding and one mind where number of connection make it as big and complex as universe.

I never noticed this fact until I was high that all the universe complexity exist in our own mind. It has infinitely many layers.

[+] uptownfunk|6 years ago|reply
Incredible medicinal substance from nature. Not for everyone, like all medicines, but for those who it is suitable for, what a game changer. Have had some of the most profound life changing realizations of my life while on psilocybin.
[+] thinkingemote|6 years ago|reply
As a reminder like all medicines and psychotherapy, they really should be done with and through a trained professional than on your own.
[+] sedeki|6 years ago|reply
For someone with psychological trauma in his/her past, is it worth the risk of messing with one’s head?

I’m thinking about something like visiting a resort-like place (recommended here; forgot its name) where they have experienced ”mediators” that help you, and actual doctors.

[+] pmoriarty|6 years ago|reply
For those of you wanting to pick or grow your own mushrooms, I suggest watching Identifying North American Psilocybin Species by Alan Rockefeller.[1] He's immensely knowledgeable on this subject, and covers some interesting legal issues as well.

Also, keep an eye out for upcoming legislation on legalizing psilocybin and/or mushrooms in your local area. Vote and put pressure on your politicians to make this happen, if you believe it should.

To have the best, most constructive experience, I'd strongly recommend reading The Psychedelic Explorer's Guide by James Fadiman.[2]

No brief summary can do this book or the subject of having a good trip justice, but at the very least be sure to have an experienced person you like and trust sit with you during the entire time you're on the substance, and try to carefully prepare for the experience and don't just do it on a whim at a party or a concert. Though such settings could work out, you will maximize your chance of having a good experience by choosing a safe, quiet space, where you won't be disturbed.

Be sure you don't have any other responsibilities for the day of the trip and perhaps the day after as well. Eat lightly the day before and day of the trip. Some people like to fast a bit, though make sure to stay hydrated. Have a clear, specific intention for the trip, and try to take something you've learned from the trip and make it a concrete part of your life afterwards. Depending on what you want to get out of the experience, you might also want to have some pictures of people you care about and maybe a rose to look at near the peak of the trip. There's a lot more to be said about this, and I'd really recommend you read the guide for more. The Secret Chief Revealed, about an underground psychedelic therapist, is another great resource.[3]

If it is going to be your first time, make it really special. You'll never have a first time with this substance again, and you really don't want to squander the opportunity. Some people spend a lot of time later in life chasing the magic of that first time, and it's never the same.

[1] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VcL-7u80kjs

[2] - https://www.amazon.com/Psychedelic-Explorers-Guide-Therapeut...

[3] - https://www.amazon.com/Secret-Chief-Conversations-Undergroun...

[+] umc0der|6 years ago|reply
is there a way to invest in psilocybin?
[+] kf|6 years ago|reply
For-profit conference people that made money running cannabis conferences have started running psychedelic investment conferences but I have been told by those on the circuit that they are bullshit money grabs and that you should not attend. Two years from now they'll probably be real and still run by the same bullshit artists as today.

You could invest in quasi-legal grow ops in areas where mushrooms have been mostly decriminalized, like Oakland, California. You could invest in the largest marijuana companies that are the most likely to pivot to other plant medicines.

But, otherwise, basically, no, there is no reasonable way to invest in psychedelic mushrooms right now. Possibly buying domain names.

Something I did predicting the future of this industry was buy buylsd.com 5 years ago for $1500 (not operating now obviously until that's legal but another ten years would be a long time, I think). www.buymushrooms.com will similarly go up enormously in value in a future with widely legal drugs, at least as long as that is still a future with .com type in traffic and prioritized search engine rankings. I don't own buymushrooms.com but that would probably be a great investment at $10k, questionable at over $100k.

[+] fourstar|6 years ago|reply
Ah. Here we go. The tech vultures wanting to get their hands on everything and commercialize it.
[+] m3kw9|6 years ago|reply
Yep, the worst thing about dying is the process, so this is a pretty big win for those that works
[+] Noos|6 years ago|reply
I'm really skeptical of studies like this. There's a lot of motivated reasoning in proving the medical benefits of recreational drugs to aid in legalization; medical marijuana was one such example. And usually in threads like this it's almost always users coming up with glowing conversion stories of how LSD changed their life.

I don't like how HN has blind spots like these culturally. Just how Ritalin was used for ADHD in children and the worries of overdiagnosis should really make people skeptical about this, if just to make you think what the side effects or problems were from something that is a useful cure.

[+] magic_beans|6 years ago|reply
Can you link me to a study that doesn't have a motivated reason for proving something behind it?
[+] WarOnPrivacy|6 years ago|reply
Example #4,990,275 of an effective treatment denied to Americans, because we bizarrely allow a police agency (DEA) to set national medical policy.