[rguzman]

i agree with everything you said, except for the part of your being unable to help. i think OP is asking for what information informs schema decisions, and what are some heuristics to use. expanding on the differences between your two examples would be very valuable!

[DanielBMarkham]

I get what you're saying, that by moving to the meta level we can talk about heuristics and patterns of development.

Unfortunately, and I apologize for sounding difficult, this is still far too broad to gain traction on.

I think the thing to remember when you're learning various architectures, from database schemas to build pipelines, is that many times the people teaching you are teaching you from a position of having a completed project and then looking back on the lessons learned and applying some heuristic-making to them.

For instance, if you look at database normalization, which I started with when I started coding, it makes total sense for a small-ish project. Back in the day, you controlled the app, the machine, the storage, and the code. You owned it all. So changes to the schema involved a finite and easyish-to-do set of practices.

This started falling apart really quickly, though, with folks talking about impedance mismatch just a few years after relational databases went mainstream. If I had to generalize, everything got more and more complicated and the assumption that you could grab the entire application in your head easily and change it was no longer true. Then came a ton of CASE tools, now ORMs, and so forth, all in an effort to get us back to easily owning and changing data schemas.

But the real problem was there all along we just didn't realize it: thinking you knew everything and could manage it. This idea worked great in classrooms, worked great in personal and small apps. It even worked great in larger apps with tight control. But at the level of complexity we have now, it just doesn't seem realistic to be teaching people the perfect way to do things. (Of course, they should be aware of them!). Instead, what's needed is how to gradually get from here-to-there in a complex world without getting lost. So the heuristics you'd get would be perfect world completed apps, and what you really need to know is, well, how to develop software. That kind of advice ain't happening in an HN thread.

Hope that made some sense. Ping me offline if I can help explain any more.