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dougiejones | 4 years ago
P(initial choice is correct) = 1/3
P(host shows goat) = 2/3
P(host shows goat | initial choice is correct) = 1
and vice versa P(host shows goat | initial choice is wrong) = 1/2
Applying Bayes:
P(initial choice is correct | host shows goat) = P(host shows goat | initial choice is correct) * P(initial choice is correct) / P(host shows goat) = 1 * 1/3 / (2/3) = 1/2
So, initial choice now has 1/2 odds for being right. The host revealing a goat gave us information on whether he was playing the P=1/2 or the P=1 game.
Intuitively applying this with the 100 door version: the host getting lucky and revealing 98 goats in a row makes it fairly likely that the initial door was correct all along and they didn't get super lucky avoiding the car 98 times, as there's a good chance the contestant helped them by hiding the car.
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