[jace]

India's equivalent of SSN is PAN, the Permanent Account number, which predates Aadhaar by decades.

DBT is also older than Aadhaar and uses IFSC + account numbers. An Aadhaar layer was added to it, wherein a new mapper from Aadhaar number to IFSC was added, but the additional indirection only creates additional opportunity for error and fraud, as the Airtel Payments Bank fraud demonstrated on a mass scale.

Jio's onboarding of 4G customers was not exclusively based on Aadhaar eKYC. They accepted any valid id, as I personally tested, but somehow Aadhaar propagandists fail to quote the break-up of IDs used.

Please, do a cross-check that you're not citing from propaganda material.