top | item 31192737

What Is the Fediverse?

172 points| booteille | 3 years ago |framatube.org

110 comments

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[+] msravi|3 years ago|reply
A couple of years ago, there used to be a mastodon instance called "Inditoot" that started to gain traction with an Indian userbase. The instance moderator's approach to moderating content was basically that as long as a post doesn't go against the law, it was ok to keep. With twitter being seen as biased to the left, the instance attracted a significant crowd that was seen as right-leaning.

At some point, users of the mastodon.social instance where most of the left-leaning crowd gathered, got their admin to preemptively silence the inditoot instance on mastodon.social[1]. This meant that all toots from the inditoot instance were effectively blocked on mastodon.social, and the two sides were operating in separate bubbles.

A few months later, the Indian userbase on both mastodon.social and inditoot was dead, and everyone was back on twitter, fighting and clawing and tearing at each other.

Moral: If you remove the communication links between those nice round planets shown in the animation, they become drab and dreary, and not worth having at all, and you're back to twitter. If you keep the links, then there's no difference between federated instances and twitter, and you're back to being twitter anyway.

1. https://twitter.com/Memeghnad/status/1194237305294221315

[+] gnramires|3 years ago|reply
I somewhat agree. I think it's important to not censor anyone.

However, it is necessary to curb bad-faith actors: users who don't engage civilly and get in the way or overwhelm other types of civil discourse.

Disconnecting between instances should be reserved to such extreme cases. Otherwise, (if there are too many bad-faith actors in a single instance), you should leave to individual users.

Moderation is an important concept. How do you promote a healthy atmosphere? Downvotes are a kind of crowd-sourced moderation that seems to work well. In a federated context, you could assign weights to votes of different instances (i.e. trusted instances get some weight, untrusted instances carry none).

[+] pimterry|3 years ago|reply
From that Twitter thread it doesn't sound like they were outright blocked, right?

It seems to say a permission check was added for those users, so they had to accepted as followers by people on Mastodon.social before they could interact with them or view their posts.

That's a divisive thing to do, but it doesn't seem the same as a full disconnection - if there's anybody you know on the other server who wants to talk to you, or if there's anybody you were already happily following & talking to there then everything continues working just fine.

It's just that when you try to follow new people then they get a prompt to decide if they want to let you do that first, effectively making their profiles default-private. I don't know anything about the specific objections at the time so I can't comment, but in general that seems like a fairly sensible way to deal with bad actors.

[+] MarcellusDrum|3 years ago|reply
> If you remove the communication links between those nice round planets shown in the animation, they become drab and dreary, and not worth having at all, and you're back to twitter.

True, if you are the toxic community that was cut out. You know who still thinks the Mastodon is worth having? Mastodon.social users, who were able to protect themselves from unfriendly/unwelcome users, and didn't have to go back to Twitter.

Also, you gave an extreme example, of a left-leaning and right-leaning instances not agreeing with each other. But I see no reason why an instance mainly populated with geeks and an instance mainly populated with gamers/musicians/sport fans can't peacefully federate.

[+] remram|3 years ago|reply
And you assume they went back because of the block based on...?

Surely it couldn't be that they disliked the UX, that their other friends failed to move over, or that those indie-operated websites lacked in performance. No, of course we must assume it's the lack of fighting.

[+] jarbus|3 years ago|reply
With the fediverse, I think people need to drop the notion that they expect people they already know to be on the platform. Specifically Mastodon: If you log on expecting to find the people you follow on twitter, you are in for a bad time. But, if you log on looking to find and follow a bunch of unique new people, there is no shortage of accounts/instances to follow, and the # of users relative to centralized services doesn't matter.
[+] rcMgD2BwE72F|3 years ago|reply
>With the fediverse, I think people need to drop the notion that they expect people they already know to be on the platform.

It's the same at the beginning of every social network. When I joined Twitter or Facebook early, I did not expect to find people I knew either. People are probably joining instances where their friends are already registered, unless you're the first among your circles.

Also, you can be logged into multiple instances at the same time – just like you're probably connected to a personal and a work mailbox.

[+] philjohn|3 years ago|reply
But does it have the same discovery mechanisms once things get to a certain size? As much as many people hate "the algorithm" it's a useful tool to be recommended accounts you may be interested in following.
[+] remram|3 years ago|reply
My main issue with the current Fediverse (i.e. ActivityPub universe) is that no one actually use the client-to-server protocol. Only applications federate with each other, exchanging a basic level of their internal representation over the server-to-server protocol, and you need accounts in each of them to go past the basic functions (text comment & retweet).

I feel like it would be much better if I could use a single identity and a single "ActivityPub server" for all my applications.

In the current situation, being able to retweet my PeerTube video from my Mastodon account has little advantage about just tweeting a link to it. Likewise, commenting on a Lemmy thread from my Mastodon account is ok but I can't really see the thread as a thread without logging into Lemmy. Watching a PeerTube video, I can post a comment using my Mastodon account but that requires 5+ click and a change of application.

I am not sure why the ecosystem went this way. The client-to-server protocol was readily available when the Fediverse was kickstarted.

[+] Animats|3 years ago|reply
Yes, the Fediverse isn't federated enough. Framatube is one of the organizations behind PeerTube. But PeerTube isn't very federated. It's just offloaded onto viewing clients. I think.

Here's a video of mine supposedly on PeerTube:

https://video.hardlimit.com/w/peBesyAgtzfRWS5FnDQQtn

Well, it's really on Hardlimit, which just outsources some of the playback bandwidth. I can't, as far as I know, play that without going to Hardlimit's web site. I can't even embed it without getting Hardlimit's branding. (Getting to full screen mode on mobile is really hard because their top and bottom banners get in the way of the video controls.) I ought to be able to put that long random key into other PeerTube sites and play it, but that does not seem to be possible. This is not "federation". It's a walled garden with outsourcing.

The video plays fine. I'm now using PeerTube for my technical videos, where I need streaming but the audience is people who find out about it on technical sites.

The federated video crowd needs to 1) get their act together, and 2) get some major forum systems to recognize their URLs as embedded video, as those systems do for Youtube, Twitter, and often Vimeo. That would at least bring them up to where Gyazo is.

The video is a pitch deck. A good one. But it's a pitch deck for something that's not fully usable yet.

[+] grishka|3 years ago|reply
The C2S part of ActivityPub is, to put it mildly, cumbersome. It also shifts way too much logic to the client and prevents an efficient database design.

There can, theoretically, be a "dumb" AP server that implements both S2S and C2S and expects the client to do all the heavy lifting. In practice, all current ActivityPub servers are "smart". They treat the S2S protocol as more of an API, and have their own web UI with a specific user experience (Mastodon, Pleroma, and Misskey are microblogs, PeerTube is a video platform, Lemmy is a link aggregator, Smithereen is a social network, and so on). Interactions between these different experiences generally work on a best-effort basis. You can't shove Reddit into Twitter UX and expect something nice to come out, no matter how hard you try.

[+] mcv|3 years ago|reply
Not sure what you mean. I'm on Friendica, and I can follow, reshare and comment on posts from people on other platforms with no problem. I don't need accounts on other servers for this, though I'm sure my interaction with them is limited to whatever Friendica supports. I don't doubt you can do more if you actually get accounts on different systems, but that's a choice you have. I don't think you need to do it if you don't want to.
[+] zdunn|3 years ago|reply
> I am not sure why the ecosystem went this way

Because when activitypub was still getting off the ground, mastodon built their own client api. A lot of excited people built apps for mastodon so pleroma, and then others, started building Masto API support so that their instances could use mastodon clients. Now the Masto API is the de facto client api.

I super agree with you, using the client-to-server protocol so that we could have one account would be the best situation. I've been arguing that on the fediverse for a while, but all the developers in the space seem to think the client-to-server protocol isn't useful enough so you would have to fallback to a custom API for the missing pieces anyway so you might as well use the API everyone's already using.

[+] crickcreek|3 years ago|reply
this is why i gave up on mastadon. add that to a non-existent on-boarding experience.
[+] themodelplumber|3 years ago|reply
I'm on oldbytes.space and find it pretty fun to get to know Mastodon's corner of the Fediverse so far. Hashtags are really important for discovery right now, but it looks like other discovery features are in the works.

I also gave SL and OpenSim a look, and OpenSim has been pretty fun to explore, even from the outside.

One example community: https://coopersville.mystrikingly.com/

- @[email protected]

[+] lokedhs|3 years ago|reply
I didn't realise just how long I've been on the Fediverse. It's been incredibly rewarding for me so far.

Sure, I could have had more followers on a different platform, but I'm not there to have a megaphone that I force others to listen to. This is why I doubt we'll see any major celebrities going there, since they are not on social media to have a conversation. They are there so people can see them.

I can be found here @[email protected]

[+] mcv|3 years ago|reply
After the death of Google+, I joined a Diaspora pod that was created specifically for Google+ refugees. Now that pod is about the die (it still exist, but the owner died, so we're not sure how long it will last), so everybody is joining other federated social networks. Many moved to another Diaspora pod, some moved to Mastodon. I moved to Friendica, which has the advantage of being able to follow people on both Diaspora and Mastodon.

I haven't found a good Android app for it yet, unfortunately.

[+] jdporter|3 years ago|reply
I was also a #gplusrefugee on pluspora :-) Very sad to see it go. Once a nomad, always a nomad, I guess?

I joined Nerdica not long after joining pluspora, but wasn't active there because the (web) UX is pretty poor. But still, it's my main sn now... besides Fosstodon, which is pretty cool.

[+] jancsika|3 years ago|reply
Fediverse: a bunch of software waiting idle in the hope that a hero will arrive to make significant and lasting changes to copyright and fair use in order for any of it to be useful.

Ooh, this decentralized beebob could be a great place to discover and distribute Scihub content.

Ooh, I can sure imagine myself watching a sci-fi movie that's old enough to vote and buy alcohol on "Framatube."

Ooh, a filesystem suitable for multiple planets, IFF planet #2 is filled only with Pirate Party members with their force shields turned on and on constant watch for slow blades.

Ooh, a user-writable international encyclopedia that isn't... oh yeah, that actually exists because you can't copyright fucking facts. At least there's that, twenty-first century!

Edit: clarification to make exclamation even sadder

[+] msla|3 years ago|reply
Federated protocols have been used for email and message boards.

Multiple times, in fact, counting FIDO and Usenet and Bitnet as separate developments.

So it isn't like this is a new idea, or like it's impossible to do with current copyright law.

[+] throwanem|3 years ago|reply
The point of saying "fediverse" at all is to foreground interop via the ActivityPub protocol, rather than Mastodon which happens to be by some measures (ie "the most populous one or two instances run vanilla") currently the most popular user agent.

You might as well argue that, because not every browser ever written has an active userbase, HTTP is pointless.

[+] shadowgovt|3 years ago|reply
And Wikipedia isn't even a fediverse... It's a central wiki run by a good, benevolent dictatorship.

If it went down tomorrow, it would certainly be mirrored and re-upped almost immediately, but it's not "federated" in the same sense as e.g. a Mastodon, IRC, email, or USENET.

[+] Kye|3 years ago|reply
I can't figure out what any of this has to do with the fediverse. It sounds like you're complaining about the web3 grift. They have absolutely nothing to do with each other.
[+] PaulHoule|3 years ago|reply
I think when people hear "*-verse" there are two common hot takes: (1) this is something that doesn't include me, and (2) move on folks, nothing more to see here.
[+] prvc|3 years ago|reply
IPFS has nothing to do with the "fediverse" (although I'm not sure what the latter is exactly), apart from being distributed in some sense.
[+] DrewADesign|3 years ago|reply
For social media to be social it needs people. While I have hope for the future, current fediverse offerings don’t meet people’s basic social media usability needs.

People use social media because it’s fun, it fosters connection with people they know, delivers information about news/hobbies etc., helps people find communities with shared interests and experiences, and most importantly, does it all in one easy-to-use place. Everybody knows there are better sources for everyday news than Twitter but if they’re already there interacting with people about the game last night… More importantly, it’s all conceptually easy for users to understand. You’re on Facebook, your friend is on Facebook, you find your friend on Facebook and you can interact on Facebook. If there was a bunch of Facebooks and your friends are in a different Facebook that doesn’t talk to your Facebook and the Recipe Facebook your friend likes is kinda janky and doesn’t always show up when you search for it… your average user would stop using social media altogether if that was their only option.

It can be hard for developers to imagine that, but what if it was a different realm of expertise? Imagine you had to have a rudimentary understanding of mail routing to know which post office you needed to use to mail each package and it was only conceptually documented for people who worked in the postal industry and each paragraph required background knowledge you didn’t have? You’d probably just suck it up and use UPS, especially if it was the same price. If someone wants a recipe for French onion soup, they want a recipe — not a culinary school text book chapter on soup. How much documentation or theoretical background knowledge does your average netizen need to use Facebook? Zero. None.

That doesn’t even get into the whole branding aspect. Like it or not, appeal is a prerequisite and not a bolt-on feature for a social media network. People like feeling competent and hip and hate uncertainty. They don’t want to wonder if their friends on the other mastodon and the other friend on the other other mastodon can smell, er, see their toot.

We can’t sell non-technical people on technical capability. While there are technical components to this problem, the solution will not be entirely technical. We need to give them a compelling experience first, and make that work on the tech side. Unless you really only want people in your fediverse who get satisfaction out of wrangling clunky software, that’s just the way it is.

[+] AlexandrB|3 years ago|reply
> delivers information about news

On the contrary, I think this is one thing that turns social media toxic. A lot of news is inherently political and having news on the same platform as social interaction means a lot of social interaction will be about the news.

Communities focused on hobbies (e.g. forums) tend to stay a lot more civil.

[+] Karrot_Kream|3 years ago|reply
I don't think the branding issue is too hard to overcome. The Mastodon and Mastodon-clone interfaces are often very similar to Twitter so just minor verbiage changes should be sufficient to improve the UX.

On the other points though, I agree. Fundamentally a social network has _everyone_ on it. The Fediverse as it is now is a collection of small and medium communities. On top of this there's lots of drama in the Fediverse. The relationship that Fediverse instances have with each other is constantly changing and many of the smaller instance owners aren't exactly the most consistent mods/admins (kind of like IRC mods back in its heyday.) There's a certain kind of person that enjoys this kind of fluid, unprofessional (e.g. run by amateur staff, not a knock on the community at large) community, but it's not the experience most people who like social media are looking for.

If you're interested in trying the Fediverse I highly recommend peeking inside at the fun and chaos but if you're looking to replace traditional social media, I'd say look elsewhere.

[+] nicoburns|3 years ago|reply
I like the idea of a fediverse, but I can't help but feel like the solution to an open social network will look less like Mastodon and more like RSS.
[+] NoraCodes|3 years ago|reply
Why not both? Mastodon works well for many, but I definitely agree that there's space for another blogging-focused AP implementation or even a new protocol!
[+] zdunn|3 years ago|reply
That's the basis for https://indieweb.org which i think is a much better solution than ActivityPub. See micro.blog if you want an example of a productized form of those ideas
[+] mxuribe|3 years ago|reply
> ...feel like the solution to an open social network will look...

May i ask respectfully, have you even seen and/or used any applications within the fediverse? Forgive me, but i interpret your statement as if you have not actively seen, used apps on the fedi...If that is accurate, may i invite you to at least test things out by joining any number of instances, and try one of the many, many apps - mobile and web - which allow you to richly interact with others across the fediverse...and i think you'll see that the experience "looks" like many things, but certainly not restricted to RSS or mastodon, etc.

To pick any of the myriad apps and test things out, check out this collection of apps: https://fediverse.party/en/miscellaneous/

To learn a bit more behind the fediverse's history, feel free to review entries on the following page: https://fediverse.party/en/chronicles/

I certainly hope that your test run is an enjoyable one, or at least interesting and informative. While i'm a fan of the fediverse, it is not lost on me that much like other sorts of human behavior - like conventional social media silos - there is no *real* escape from trolls, jerks, awful people. Cheers!

[+] matsemann|3 years ago|reply
One big hurdle to get going is to find which instance to subscribe to. When joining twitter, you just join twitter. Now there are multiple, and I don't know the ramifications of which one to choose. Will I suddenly be blocked by half the instances if I choose a lesser known one?

A second hurdle is that I think most people don't want to start from scratch. I want to keep my followers and those I'm following.

[+] DrewADesign|3 years ago|reply
And considering that socialization isn’t as productive without fellow socializers, we should consider the non-technical user path.

For my, say, brother— the first hurdle would be processing my explanation of the distinctions between an instance, a server, and a service, plus the basics of federation. The second hurdle would be figuring out how he’ll break it to me when he gives up and re-activates his Twitter account.

[+] gs17|3 years ago|reply
That first hurdle has kept me from bothering with the Fediverse entirely. And instances' rules make me feel at the mercy of either the moderation or the userbase, depending on which end of the permissiveness spectrum they fall on.
[+] sfblah|3 years ago|reply
They use email as an example of federation. Actually, it's an example of the reverse. For example, I run a website with a reasonably large subscriber base (100k+ emails). Of those, something like 90% are gmail.com, outlook.com or yahoo.com. The majority are actually gmail.com.

So, while email is federated under the covers, users use it like it's a walled garden. In fact, if you go to a store where they ask for an email address, employees often have a hard time understanding what you're saying if you give them an address that isn't one of the three above.

Bottom line is consumers don't want or understand federated services. They don't care. That's why monopolies win.

To get people using federated services would require a massive, ongoing education effort. And, even that is likely to fail, because it just doesn't matter enough to people.

Alternate solution: governments could use antitrust to force federation.

[+] mklauber1|3 years ago|reply
I would argue that is the point of federation. Despite the fact that most of the users are on gmail, they can still email anyone anywhere else, without issues. And I've never heard of one of the big name providers blocking emails from another large provider, with the possible exception of spam heavy domains.

It's a lot better than social media. I feel like the analogous situation would be being able to follow someone's twitter feed in your FB feed, or send a twitter DM to someone's facebook messenger account, and how likely is any major social media platform to allow that to happen?

Despite the concentration of power, email's federation makes it much easier to choose which provider you want to use, avoiding the network effects that come from walled garden services.

[+] dumpsterlid|3 years ago|reply
One of the things I love most about the fediverse/mastodon is that most of the tech people who I think are jerks think it is a failure and don't bother to join. The resulting tech community is way more progressive and kind than most tech communities.
[+] lokedhs|3 years ago|reply
People will probably downvote you for that statement (and me, for replying to you) but there is something to what you're saying.

The people who consider it a failure are the same people who are looking for a platform to broadcast their opinions from, rather than having an interesting conversation. Of course they're not going to find what they are looking for on the Fediverse, and that's fine. Most of people on the Fediverse are notified looking for that anyway.

[+] ParsnipsOfSnail|3 years ago|reply
I feel a bit disheartened that this site took 30 seconds to load, then got as far as "What is the fediverse" then buffered until erroring out a minute later. Either the video has gained no traction and thus no peers (bad) or adding more people to the site crashed it (even worse). Can we not do better?
[+] smoldesu|3 years ago|reply
It's on the frontpage of HN, give 'em a break.
[+] Dzugaru|3 years ago|reply
A couple of ELI5 followup questions for this cool ELI5 video:

1) Why would you create a new provider, why not just use [insert biggest provider name here]? In other words, whats' stopping this thing from centralization? It's not like you need to build a rocket to move to the other planet, right?

2) How do you so easily move videos from one provider to another? The amount of data is enormous, you can't just copy it everywhere?

[+] enriquto|3 years ago|reply
I cannot see the video, but it seems that it's the same thing as described here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fediverse

If the author of the video is around here: please, put textual transcripts for video-impaired users! (or simply, for people who do not want to launch a video and prefer to read).

[+] btdmaster|3 years ago|reply
They are there! Settings (Cog icon) -> Subtitles/CC -> Language
[+] shadowgovt|3 years ago|reply
What is the easiest way to get started as a user on a federated social network?

I glanced at Mastodon when information started flowing about it but I was (and am) supremely disinterested in running / moderating my own node. But I'd be interested in joining someone else's node. What does that look like these days?

[+] gpsx|3 years ago|reply
Is the fediverse a new social network or a concept? I think there is hope for it as a general concept if, for example, the US government gets mad at someone like Facebook and requires them and other social networks/messaging platforms to make their content available through standard interfaces. It could be something like RSS for posts and other appropriate standards for chat, audio calls, video calls, etc. Then someone on [insert fledgling social network here] could "follow" someone on Facebook and someone on What's App could text someone on WeChat.
[+] lokedhs|3 years ago|reply
It's both. At its core is a set of protocols that allows different software to interoperate in the way you envisioned. These protocols allows pretty much everything you mentioned with the possible exception of video/audio calls. I don't think activitypub has support for realtime protocols.

There are many implementations that uses these protocols and that can interoperate today. The most well known of these is Mastodon.