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Health concerns grow in East Palestine, Ohio, after train derailment

611 points| Jimmc414 | 3 years ago |npr.org

559 comments

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[+] perihelions|3 years ago|reply
- "On Sunday, the EPA released a list, written by Norfolk Southern, of the toxic chemicals that were in the derailed cars. In addition to vinyl chloride and butyl acrylate, it mentions ethylhexyl acrylate, which can cause headaches, nausea, and respiratory problems in people exposed to it; as well as isobutylene, which can make people dizzy and drowsy."

This is anodyne phrasing that omits the lede, which is that this information was not previously disclosed. This expanded "list of toxic chemicals" was not public prior to Sunday.

Here's ABC's reporting by way of comparison: "There were more toxic chemicals on train that derailed in Ohio than originally reported, data shows"

https://abcnews.go.com/US/toxic-chemicals-train-derailed-ohi...

(Another notable diff is that ABC describes ethylhexyl acrylate as a "carcinogen", linking to a CDC page as a cite. NPR's exposition reads differently: "ethylhexyl acrylate, which can cause headaches, nausea, and respiratory problems in people exposed to it;").

[+] gruez|3 years ago|reply
>Another notable diff is that ABC describes ethylhexyl acrylate as a "carcinogen", linking to a CDC page as a cite

The linked CDC source doesn't really definitively say it's a carcinogen. The exact quote is "potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy [29 CFR 1990]". Also, it's worth noting that the page is for "Ethyl acrylate", not "ethylhexyl acrylate". A google search for "ethylhexyl acrylate" turns up results for 2-ETHYLHEXYL ACRYLATE, which has a different CAS number, so it's unknown whether ABC is even referring to the correct chemical.

[1] https://www.chempoint.com/products/download?grade=2716&docty...

[+] qikInNdOutReply|3 years ago|reply
Finally, what can these chemicals react into when in a blaze.
[+] grecy|3 years ago|reply
> which can cause headaches, nausea, and respiratory problems.... can make people dizzy and drowsy

I also love this phrasing that talks about the immediate uncomfortable reactions, but makes no mention on the extremely serious long-term implications of exposure.

These chemicals won't just make you feel unpleasant in the moment, they'll kill you in the long run.

[+] legitster|3 years ago|reply
It's listed as a "possible carcinogen". Which would put it in the same category as caffeine.

Although it's worth noting that while caffeine would obviously not be that dangerous of a chemical, a giant spill of it would still be an environmental issue.

[+] shadowgovt|3 years ago|reply
In general, there's no particular need to make the list of chemicals public. In the event of emergency, every container is stamped with one or two standard labels indicating the nature of the chemical threat and what firefighters need to do to address it; otherwise, it's as important to people as what's in the tractor-trailer in front of them on the highway.

It might be worth having a discussion about the fact that the way train right-of-ways came into being give municipalities little recourse if they feel the trains shouldn't be cutting through their towns in general, but given that they do, they're basically privately-owned highways and it's up to the owner what's on them.

[+] Workaccount2|3 years ago|reply
Before everyone loses there mind, because this story has oddly been on blast 2 weeks after the incident:

VC is a gas a room temperature. None of the VC cars were ruptured in the crash. They were vented and ignited by workers to avoid explosion. Burning VC produces carbon oxides, HCl, phosgene, and formaldehyde. HCl, Phosgene become hydrochloric acid in the atmosphere. The total amount of hydrochloric acid this could possibly produce would hardly register in the water table. Formaldehyde would be trace too, similar to fruits and vegetables.

EPA site details without the hysteria:

https://response.epa.gov/site/site_profile.aspx?site_id=1593...

List of cars in the accident:

https://response.epa.gov/sites/15933/files/TRAIN%2032N%20-%2...

[+] colpabar|3 years ago|reply
The reason people are so upset isn't necessarily because of the environmental impact, it's because the people who work on these trains have been warning things like this could happen for years, and when they tried to strike over it, the federal government stepped in and crushed them into submission. There was a car on that train that was on fire for at least 20 miles before the derailment. If I can get pulled over for having a busted tail light, a train full of toxic chemicals should get stopped for being on fire.

You've been frantically telling everyone to calm down in every thread about this story for some reason. People are upset because it's another case of the government completely failing to do their jobs of keeping regular people safe, and before you claim that people on reddit are saying crazy things again, this isn't reddit and no one is saying those things here.

[+] MrOwnPut|3 years ago|reply
Agreed on not losing your mind, that's never good to do, but downplaying it is too far on the other scale.

Seems too early to tell doesn't it? I don't think you can safely say "it would hardly register" without knowing the results from the contaminated regions...

--

Water Runoff

Responding crews discovered contaminated runoff on two surface water streams: Sulphur Run and Leslie Run. Under Ohio EPA oversight, Norfolk Southern emergency response contractors installed booms and underflow dams to restrict the flow of contaminated water as well as contain and collect floating product.

U.S. EPA took water samples at the streams and has sent them to a laboratory for analysis. Emergency response staff noticed impacted aquatic life and notified the Ohio Department of Natural Resources and the U.S. Department of Interior. Ohio DNR is on site and is assessing the situation and the impacts to aquatic life. Downstream water utilities were also notified.

[+] fabian2k|3 years ago|reply
You're assuming that the vinyl chloride burns perfectly and all of it will be converted without residue, which I don't think is a safe assumption. The products of burning it are less problematic than the original, but setting it on fire doesn't simply solve all problems here.
[+] sam0x17|3 years ago|reply
This is a really glaring example of mismanagement on the federal government's part. Apparently the number of staff who maintain the rails was cut some time before the incident, and this is the main reason the rails were not properly maintained and this accident was allowed to happen.

Meanwhile the transportation department is still celebrating their accomplishments and acting like we don't have a huge disaster on our hands https://www.newsweek.com/pete-buttigieg-ignores-ohio-train-d...

[+] panick21_|3 years ago|reply
I'm not one that usually advocates for nationalization, but with these rail companies, this should be done.

For multiple reason:

- These companies make absurdly huge profit that could be reinvested into the network to improve the network for everybody (electrification, passenger transport). And these are not some complex tech companies that the government couldn't operate.

- These companies are blocking passenger travel and don't care that they are doing it, all other approaches to prevent this have failed. With the current structure there is no change for the US ever to develop a serious passenger rail infrastructure, either inter-city, regional or S-Bahn style. Many local government and states might want to do more train stuff but currently don't feel empowered to do so any trying is often not even worth it.

- They are removing anything not absurdly profitable, shifting things from rail to trucks. And then trucks use government funded road and highway infrastructure instead. Its just bad intensives.

- Current companies have a bad track record and there are way to many derailments, and this is serious strategic concern for logistics that the government should really take better care off.

Just for reference, with the current profit of these companies, the US could easily executed a systematic program of electrification, track and signaling upgrades. Vastly improving both the amount of cargo that can be transported and the passenger that can be transported, and doing so in a much more substantial way.

While trains are energy efficient, and its better then trucks, currently they use very dirty locos with no plan of changing it (some mild greenwashing but nothing real). Some of these train companies are literally some of the largest individual users of fossil fuels (behind things like DoD) and no plan for change anytime soon.

It would also make transporting cargo from city-to-city easier if these cities are currently in the domain of one of the competitor companies. This is a real problem for shipping.

If the US wants to seriously drive modal share of cargo and passenger transport to green energy efficient trains, its the only way I can see it gone work.

[+] 0x008|3 years ago|reply
This is basically the plot of “white noise” with Adam driver (on netflix).
[+] 1970-01-01|3 years ago|reply
White Noise had several plots over chapters. The plume scenes were a fantastic balance of hilarious and scary:

     Summary: Chapter 21
     Jack finds Heinrich on the roof, looking through a pair of binoculars at a distant black cloud of smoke. Heinrich informs Jack that a train car has been derailed. Later, they both return to watch the cloud. Heinrich says that the burning chemical in the air is Nyodene Derivative, or Nyodene D., a toxic substance that causes lumps in rats. The radio has already listed nausea, skin irritation, and sweaty palms as potential symptoms of exposure. Jack tries to reassure Heinrich that the smoke won’t come toward them and continues to act comfortable and indifferent. He sits down to pay the bills, even as rumors of increasing danger come in over the radio and phone. Sirens begin to blare through the neighborhood, but Jack declares that such things can’t happen in a town like theirs. New symptoms are reported on the radio, and the cloud is given a new name: the airborne toxic event. Heinrich tries to get his father to acknowledge the danger, but Jack declares that he is a college professor, not to mention the chair of a department, and can’t imagine someone like him fleeing something like an airborne toxic event. The family anxiously gathers for dinner as the air raid warnings grow closer.
https://www.sparknotes.com/lit/whitenoise/section7/

https://www.wlwt.com/article/ohio-train-derailment-white-noi...

https://twitter.com/Marfoogle/status/1625323668397256704

[+] newZWhoDis|3 years ago|reply
Which oddly enough was filmed in the town this happened in… the universe is weird.
[+] time_to_smile|3 years ago|reply
Which is based on the famous Don Delillo novel. This reads a bit like describing LotR as "that movie with Viggo Mortensen".
[+] lynguist|3 years ago|reply
When I hear Ohio and trains I immediately think of the huge federal grants for building a higher speed rail line from Cleveland over Columbus to Cincinnati that were already granted.

The same was granted for Wisconsin and Florida.

And one by one their governors refused to use these grants to build the infrastructure, and one by one the federal grants were reassigned, until in the end Florida got 2.3 billion dollars for building a high-speed rail line Miami-Orlando-Tampa. That was also sabotaged by its governor.

But because such a rail line is so incredibly economically effective a private company started to build it anyhow, just at lower speeds.

I’m still flabbergasted about this.

[+] enriquec|3 years ago|reply
so... the grants were unnecessary? Also, how can someone see this catastrophe and still want to go with trains -- 200+ year old tech that is clearly environmentally destructive, doesn't solve last-mile, and can't be parallelized or re-routed, or even rescheduled easily
[+] davesque|3 years ago|reply
This might be an unpopular opinion, but the speed at which this story has overtaken social media has made me skeptical. That coupled with the fact that the story practically doesn't exist in mainstream media. And in this case I just don't buy the whole "lamestream" media narrative. The mainstream media was all over the water crisis in Flint, Michigan. There's no reason they wouldn't be interested in giving more coverage to this story if it were worth covering.

Something about this story's rise to fame has seemed really inorganic to me.

[+] xadhominemx|3 years ago|reply
It went viral on TikTok. Was that entirely organic? Or did the Chinese government throw some tinder on the fire? It’s pretty bad that they have the capability.
[+] yunwal|3 years ago|reply
Flint is a great example because it only gained attention because residents started complaining on social media and in public forums[0][1]. Despite widespread protest and refusal to drink the water, and mass sickness, official sources maintained that the water was safe to drink[2]. National news media picked up the story almost 2 years after the switch in water treatment systems[3]. Even still EPA officials refused to acknowledge issues with Flint water, with Obama drinking Flint water at a press conference to convince people it was safe[4]. It wasn't until 2017, 2 and a half years after the switch, that media and official consensus was that Flint constituted an emergency.

So yeah, keep your pitchforks out people!

[0] - https://midmichigannow.com/news/local/flint-residents-avoidi...

[1] - https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/detroit/2015...

[2] - https://www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/2015/01/22/w...

[3] - https://www.nrdc.org/onearth/watered-down

[4] - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u2ZynkD3N_k

[+] legitster|3 years ago|reply
It's not a conspiracy. The amplified version of the story originated from Chinese state media as a direct response to the balloon story: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-64633990

> At the same time, state media has begun focusing on a different narrative - a derailed train carrying hazardous material in Ohio.

> Though the incident happened in early February, Chinese news outlets are now devoting significant coverage on the topic, citing US media reports. US officials have performed a controlled release of toxic chemicals from the train to prevent contamination.

> It has since become a significant talking point on social media. On Weibo, China's equivalent to Twitter, the main Ohio train hashtag has been viewed more than 690 million times since the weekend, with more than 40 hashtags created on the topic.

> Many Chinese netizens have expressed worry that the incident would turn into a global environmental crisis, and anger over the relatively sparser coverage of the train incident in US media compared to the balloons.

> "Turns out the Wandering Balloon was being used to take the heat for Ohio," a post liked nearly 3,000 times reads.

[+] vuln|3 years ago|reply
> The mainstream media was all over the water crisis in Flint, Michigan.

Different victims and different person/people/organizations/administrations to blame.

[+] u8080|3 years ago|reply
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dioxins_and_dioxin-like_compou...

>PCDD/F-compounds were never synthesized for any purpose, except for small quantities for scientific research.[12] Small amounts of PCDD/Fs are formed whenever organics, oxygen and chlorine are available at suitable temperatures.[1] This is augmented by metal catalysts such as copper. The optimal temperature range is 400 °C (752 °F) to 700 °C (1,292 °F). This means that formation is highest when organic material is burned in less-than-optimal conditions such as open fires, building fires, domestic fireplaces, and poorly operated and/or designed solid waste incinerators.[3] Historically, municipal and medical waste incineration was the most important source of PCDD/Fs.

[+] Julesman|3 years ago|reply
I see a lot of these responses starting with "The reason." I don't see many people talking about institutional bias. I don't see a lot of people talking about this disaster getting no coverage while the media is stuck on shooting down balloons. I don't see many people talking about the fact that if this was anywhere close to wealthy people that it would have been headline news. I don't see many talking about the absolutely soulless response of everyone responsible. I don't see many talking about historical precedents that paint a clear picture of what is likely happening. I don't see many talking about how the best coverage of the event has been on Tiktok and that people on the ground might have something valuable to report.

This is NOT s trivial thing in any way. This is not a wait and see thing. This is a total disaster that will impact the health of people in the area for generations. And without any pushback the terrible people responsible well likely just get away with it.

[+] wilsonnb3|3 years ago|reply
> I don't see a lot of people talking about this disaster getting no coverage while the media is stuck on shooting down balloons.

I’ve seen hundreds of comments and posts with this sentiment on Reddit, including some that made it to the top of r/all.

Usually they say something like “why aren’t major media outlets covering this?” while linking to CNN or CBS or some other major media outlet that is in fact covering the event.

[+] nyjah|3 years ago|reply
I don't see many people talking about the fact that if this was anywhere close to wealthy people

They don't put wealthy neighborhoods near railroads carrying toxic chemicals. Or rarely do they. Meanwhile, lower end neighborhoods will have the train tracks and some even a garbage dump within view.

[+] shadowgovt|3 years ago|reply
> This is a total disaster that will impact the health of people in the area for generations.

[citation needed]. Vinyl chloride breaks down quickly (especially when it's all set on fire) and doesn't bio-accumulate. That's why the OSHA standards for it are for career-long exposure. Its byproducts are also pretty volatile and should burn through biology and dilute quickly.

There's no 4-alarms here because it's not a 4-alarm situation. It's a disaster, but one of the more well-understood and easier-to-contain ones.

[+] JumpCrisscross|3 years ago|reply
> don't see a lot of people talking about this disaster getting no coverage

Oh my god this is the only thing people are talking about. Please don’t do this. Let’s talk about the actual disaster instead of spinning up another useless whirlpool of meta-debate.

[+] cs702|3 years ago|reply
More and more, this is starting to look like a major f#ck-up by Norfolk Southern.

Given the geographical extent of the derailment's impact (well over 100+ miles, encompassing Pittsburgh and surrounding areas), it's not hard to imagine how it will lead to the kind of class-action lawsuit that can hobble or even bankrupt the entire company.

Ugly, ugly, ugly.

[+] dang|3 years ago|reply
Related:

Ohio train derailment: environmental disaster quietly unfolding - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34783940 - Feb 2023 (300 comments)

Ask HN: Any HNers have air quality sensors near-ish 'East Palistine, Ohio'? - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34783664 - Feb 2023 (11 comments)

Ohio vinyl chloride accident summary - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34781184 - Feb 2023 (7 comments)

Ohio catastrophe is ‘wake-up call’ to dangers of deadly train derailments - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34773513 - Feb 2023 (230 comments)

Toxic gases connected to Ohio train derailment cause concern - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34772687 - Feb 2023 (212 comments)

Health concerns mounting as animals become sick after train derailment - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34758525 - Feb 2023 (128 comments)

[+] olivermarks|3 years ago|reply
Where are the environmentalists? This is a huge catastrophe that will have long term repercussions across a wide area.

Are all the climate change organizations/lobbyists actually corporate sponsored and don't want to rock the boat?

There is little information on why so many trains with hazardous cargos are derailing in north America. This could be sabotage by malevolent actors.

[+] NCSayre|3 years ago|reply
As an OSHA Train-A-Trainer what I'm seeing in the Media is making me cringe. Why aren't the workers wearing chemical respirators? They need to check OSHA Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Standards so they're protected along with their families. Why isn't OSHA Region 5 dealing with this situation? And lastly, why haven't the citizens of Palestine, OH been evacuated as of yet. This is a serious situation some of these chemicals are carcinogens and cause their lungs, eyes, skin, and even in the long run cause various cancers. Please evacuate as soon as possible before these chemicals affect your health. Here's the OSHA Region 5 Cleveland Office Number (216)447-4194. Stay Healthy and Be Safe.
[+] schainks|3 years ago|reply
If you're in the Ohio river basin, I recommend you install reverse osmosis and carbon filters on your tap water, which will effectively filter nearly all vinyl chloride. Ventilate rooms where you shower before / afterwords to ensure contaminated vapor doesn't stick around.
[+] logn|3 years ago|reply
I've had a hard time finding any information about the geography of impacted areas (air and water) other than sporadic reports on water testing.