My understanding is that increasing the interest rate causes capital to be more likely to seek low-risk guaranteed returns. The effect of this is to disincentivize investments and economic activity in general, as capital is more likely to be "parked" in risk-free debt, rather than seeking other ways of reaching high yield.
The unintuitive aspect of it is how inflation could reach 2% when capital has a guaranteed, risk-free way of generating 5%+ yield. But I suppose that could be explained by examining the growing economic inequality of the past 30+ years.
FreeHugs|2 years ago
The risk-free returns on government bonds are risk free because the government never goes bankrupt. Because it simply prints the money it needs.
naveen99|2 years ago
When you do labor, you print money. When you take out a loan and commit your future labor to paying interest, you are printing money (converting labor to money)