[eloff]

It’s both really if you look at IQ tests. It’s part of the reason immigrants will often score lower, they lack the culture or language specific knowledge being tested.

IQ is a proxy for intelligence. People often use them interchangeably, but they’re not the same thing. Your statement is more valid for intelligence than IQ.

[PartiallyTyped]

Usually in such cases the person administering the test and the system takes it into account.

A person with say math degrees will not take the same test as a person with a highschool diploma.