[cyberpeach]

> neither soy protein nor isoflavone exposure affects TT, FT, E2 or E1 levels in men

I'm team science, however, I think it's important to point out that total testosterone and free testosterone are only part of the equation. You also have to look at androgen receptor sensitivity.

From the study you quoted:

> there were insufficient data to evaluate the effects of isoflavone exposure on androgen receptor (AR) expression

More research is needed.

[hombre_fatal]

Which health outcomes would we expect to change wrt your concern?

[cyberpeach]

More research is needed in this area, however, I can tell you that testosterone is critical to a man's overall sense of well-being, and I would expect that someone who is suffering from a significant reduction in androgen receptor function and can't process testosterone normally might experience symptoms of low testosterone or Mild Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (MAIS), even if their testosterone levels are normal. So, to answer your question, we're talking about depression, suicidality, anxiety, lack of confidence, lack of motivation, fatigue, decreased endurance, decreased muscle mass, increased body fat, cognitive impairment, erectile dysfunction, low libido, male infertility, gynecomastia, and in the most extreme cases, possibly even gender identity issues. People who have MAIS don't always have all of these symptoms. Some people with MAIS have no symptoms at all! It's incredibly complex, and I think it's safe to say we don't fully understand the whole thing yet. This is an area of men's health that I think is going to get a lot more attention in the near future...