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Debian 12 “Bookworm”

594 points| Chatting | 2 years ago |debian.org | reply

230 comments

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[+] troad|2 years ago|reply
Congratulations to the Debian team!

An important change appears to be the inclusion of non-free firmware by default in the official install image for the first time, as a result of this vote: https://www.debian.org/vote/2022/vote_003

Intriguing. I feel a little torn on this. One the one hand, I appreciate being able to install Debian from an official image onto a bothersome device. On the other, I can't help but feel we're losing something when even a purist distribution like Debian is forced to concede in the fight against proprietary blobs.

Edit: dropped the word 'kernel' from 'proprietary blobs', as rightly picked up by kind commenters below.

[+] bayindirh|2 years ago|reply
I was involved in the discussion, and I'm also torn on that issue, but at least you can disable installation of non-free firmware and install Debian without any non-free software.

On the other hand, firmware is a convoluted issue. It was always present, but became increasingly visible over the years. While I'm a strong Free Software supporter, firmware is one of the hardest parts to convert, because of the IP it entails and trade secrets it embodies.

[+] yrro|2 years ago|reply
Debian was never a purist distribution. If it was then there wouldn't have been a non-free section in the archive in the first place.

The sad truth is that the Linux distributions recommended by the FSF have approximately zero users.

[+] labawi|2 years ago|reply
While I don't like proprietary firmware, I'm not sure if the line is drawn at a useful place.

If you have firmware/software/whatever in a device, which is updateable (as opposed to mask-rom or hard logic), I'd much rather have it transparently managed by an OS I can control, than some EEPROM with often proprietary, inscrutable, I-ask-you-nicely-please-update-your-firmware update mechanism.

IMO, the difference is:

- with OS provided firmware (and preferably no writable storage), I can be sure my device is running the same SW as the rest of the world

- with dozens of EEPROMs in my device, I can never be sure what is running on it.

Firmware that is legally not redistributable is a non-trivial, though perhaps less bothersome issue. Firmware that requires manufaturer's signature is bothersome but I would still prefer it over inscrutable hidden firmware.

[+] rollcat|2 years ago|reply
> On the other, I can't help but feel we're losing something when even a purist distribution like Debian is forced to concede in the fight against proprietary firmware blobs.

The software needs hardware to run, and the whole point of the software is to make the hardware useful. If you can't use the hardware, what's the point of the software?

In my book, freedom is a function of usefulness. No amount of redistributable source code has any value to me if I can't run it.

Enabling the use of hardware I already own is not a compromise, it's a solution. It's what operating systems exist for. Debian is fulfilling its primary function. I'm glad that this necessity was finally recognised.

[+] GrumpySloth|2 years ago|reply
I've never had a computer which would work with the official ideologically-pure installer. Always had to use the non-free one. I'm glad this vote turned out the way it did.
[+] progval|2 years ago|reply
For devices which have firmware, does it matter whether the firmware is loaded by the OS rather than hardcoded inside the device? The former at least gives an opportunity to fix bugs.

And if I'm not mistaken, this isn't about kernel blobs (which run on the CPU as kernel code), only code that gets loaded on devices (including CPU microcode).

[+] vbezhenar|2 years ago|reply
Firmware is not kernel blob. It's executed on separate device and has nothing to do with Linux. It's about open hardware, not open software. I don't think that it's worth to pursue this direction for Debian.
[+] hahhahanananana|2 years ago|reply
> when even a purist distribution like Debian is forced to concede in the fight against proprietary blobs.

As far as I'm aware, nothing has recently changed in this regard. It's more of a reflection on the mentality of young members, those who tend to treat software as if it's in a vacuum, separate from all the social and moral concerns of the meatspace.

[+] lockhouse|2 years ago|reply
If any of the Debian team is here, congratulations and thank you for putting together such a solid, consistently high quality Linux distro.
[+] krylon|2 years ago|reply
One thing I really appreciate about Debian is that when a new stable release comes around, I can just upgrade and be reasonably sure nothing bad will happen.

It's not exciting, but a fair amount of the time, this is what people expect from their operating system. Support my hardware, give me the software I need, and stay out of my way otherwise. And that is what Debian does very well.

[+] arcanemachiner|2 years ago|reply
I heard when Bullseye came out that I should wait a bit as the initial bugs were found. I'm wondering if that was true then or now.
[+] mikae1|2 years ago|reply
> One thing I really appreciate about Debian is that when a new stable release comes around, I can just upgrade and be reasonably sure nothing bad will happen.

That's good feedback and I've heard it from other people. Personally I've never been able to dist-upgrade Rapbian or Ubuntu without breaking the OS.

[+] jacooper|2 years ago|reply
Its baffling that RHEL-based distros still don't support in place upgrades.
[+] 28304283409234|2 years ago|reply
Never ceases to amaze me. There is all kinds of things wrong with Debian I am sure. But at the end of the day, what that community does is mindblowingly impressive.

Much gratitude from a Slink-and-a-half user, back in the day.

[+] whatwhaaaaat|2 years ago|reply
All kinds of things wrong? It’s the base for half the Linux distros. What could you possibly mean?
[+] denysonique|2 years ago|reply
I see this old-package argument over and over again and I think it is inaccurate, considering that an estimated 95% of Ubuntu users use the LTS version, the below table demonstrates that Debian 12 (stable) packages are newer than those of of Ubuntu 22.04. Both Debian 12 and Ubuntu 22.04 are LTS versions with 5 years of support.

    Ubuntu 22.04
        Kernel 5.19 (new installs only, existing installs 5.15)
        systemd 249
        KDE Plasma 5.24
        Gnome 42


    Debian 12
        Kernel 6.1
        systemd 252
        KDE Plasma 5.27
        Gnome 43
[+] kijin|2 years ago|reply
Debian Stable and Ubuntu LTS tend to alternate with respect to who has newer packages, because Debian ships on odd years and Ubuntu LTS on even years.

For most purposes, though, I find that I increasingly don't care about 1 or 2 years of difference in the base OS. Most of the toolchain is stable and well established. There are only a small handful of things I want to pin to a specific version (like node.js or Python), but these can usually be installed side by side with default packages. If not, I can always install it in a container. :)

[+] _joel|2 years ago|reply
Whilst I'm no longer an Ubuntu user due to their snap debacle, I don't think this is all that fair, they released over a year apart and LTS is LTS for a reason :)
[+] dima55|2 years ago|reply
This is true by definition. Ubuntu releases are forked from Debian at the time of their release, so Ubuntu 22.04 is where Debian was in April 2022.
[+] forty|2 years ago|reply
I have always used stable on my servers and testing on my laptop but I recently switched to stable on the laptop with kernel from backports (I have fairly recent hardware). I have never been happier :) (to be fair, staging was fairly stable too, but still broke small stuff occasionally, and I feel I'm too old to deal with this ^^)
[+] suprjami|2 years ago|reply
I realised this myself recently. I have used Ubuntu LTS for a long time, I don't use the in-between releases. They have about the same release cadence as Debian (2ish years) so I'm usually not losing anything much by moving to Debian.

Ubuntu probably do the HWE kernel better than stable backports kernel, the HWE kernel has a release schedule.

There's been more community support for Ubuntu in the form of PPAs but Flatpak has mostly solved that problem for the things I care about.

As such, I've already switched all my laptops to Debian, and will switch my desktop and work computer when I can be bothered.

[+] lairv|2 years ago|reply
Had to reinstall ubuntu 3 times already since the beginning of this year and thus switched to debian, hopefully I'll be able to settle in for a while
[+] botanical|2 years ago|reply
For me Ubuntu has been the most stable distro. I probably won't move, since I want an up-to-date system that stays out of my way
[+] unpopularopp|2 years ago|reply
A bit offtopic... are there any distros besides PoPOS that comes with the proprietary Nvidia drivers preinstalled? I tried to use (live image) Debian on an RTX 4070 PC and nothing worked just black screen after GRUB. PoPOS works out of the box but honestly I'd prefer something more simple as Debian.
[+] yrro|2 years ago|reply
How does PoPOS accomplish this without violating the license of the kernel and the NVIDIA drivers?
[+] m463|2 years ago|reply
A lot of times you can fix boot issues like this by adding "nomodeset" to the boot command line

I always had trouble booting proxmox the first time, because even though it is a server os with no graphics, the installer is graphical. I would get black screen at boot.

I would just interrupt hte boot use 'e' to edit the command line, add 'nomodeset' and it would boot.

[+] noisy_boy|2 years ago|reply
I have been thinking of switching to Debian from Pop!_OS and have a Thinkpad X1 Extreme Gen 2 with Nvidia GeForce GTX 1650 - if graphics drivers are an issue, then my wish is dead in water.
[+] fb03|2 years ago|reply
Testing this out in a VM. I want to move away from Ubuntu (honestly, from SNAPs)
[+] troad|2 years ago|reply
I'm also considering this, but I'm a little afraid of being stuck in the slow lane when it comes to software updates. I'm aware of Backports, but I'm led to believe it has a somewhat limited selection.

Perhaps this is a good opportunity to try a combination of Debian, for general system stability, and Nix, for specific tools where I need newer releases? Has anyone tried this combination before? If so, how did you find it?

[+] secondcoming|2 years ago|reply
I tried the same move but I couldn’t find any reason to permanently move to Debian. The biggest problem is that some of the package versions are quite old. Ubuntu is far better when it comes to software updates. The snap stuff is crap though.
[+] drumhead|2 years ago|reply
I've was an inveterate distro hopper, but finally settled on Debian because of its stability. Its not the most user friendly but when you get it up and running "it just works". Debian really is fantastic achievement in software.
[+] hosteur|2 years ago|reply
Fantastic! Can’t wait to upgrade my servers and desktop. Debian is an absolute marvel.
[+] encom|2 years ago|reply
But it's /not/ released though. Their own news section mentions that cd images are still being built, which seems like something that should have happened already. There's nothing but 11.7 available for download.
[+] OfSanguineFire|2 years ago|reply
The bookworm apt repository is in the final state, so Bookworm is released for those with existing Debian installations who can just do a search/replace of "bullseye" to "bookworm" in their apt.sources file, and run apt dist-upgrade.
[+] ThinkBeat|2 years ago|reply
It is amazing how this group of volunteers create the foundation for many more commercial Linux ventures and use by billion-dollar companies.

A lot of end users of different distros do not even know that Debian is the foundation. I will as go as far as to say Debian had solved a lot of the hard issues and then other sprinkle it. (Probably not a popular view)

Anyways thanks to all the Debian team members. Your work ought to be better known.

[+] nntwozz|2 years ago|reply
The gift that keeps on giving, runs perfect on my headless 10-year old gaming-PC turned server in the basement.
[+] themoonisachees|2 years ago|reply
I highly recommend installing proxmox and running debian VMs. It's really easy and the returns are great.
[+] haunter|2 years ago|reply
Congrats! Been using it on a 2017 Thinkpad X270 with MATE. Everything works perfectly. Honestly might not be the "flashiest" distro but does the job perfectly well. And personally I always recommend it to people new to Linux.
[+] swayvil|2 years ago|reply
Heck yes. Best distro of the best OS on the planet. I look forward to upgrading.
[+] ctippett|2 years ago|reply
Just upgraded my Debian WSL distro and the experience couldn't have been more anti-climatic – I had to double-check lsb_release to make sure I'd actually upgraded, it was that seamless.
[+] jfhr|2 years ago|reply
> The new systemd-resolved package will not be installed automatically on upgrades as it has been split into a separate package. If using the systemd-resolved system service, please install the new package manually after the upgrade, and note that until it has been installed, DNS resolution may no longer work as the service will not be present on the system.

will installing over the internet work without DNS resolution?

[+] pas|2 years ago|reply
yes, as the script adds/replaces the sources.list lines, then apt i downloads the packages, only then it starts the installation of them
[+] janzer|2 years ago|reply
For those wanting to try this out note that the download links in this post are still giving the previous Bullseye (11.7) release at the moment.