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From summary in article:

Autoimmune diseases disproportionately affect females.

The XX sex chromosome complement is strongly associated with susceptibility to autoimmunity. Females are XX, males are XY. XXY males (Klinefelter Syndrome) are more likely to have autoimmune disease than XY males.

Xist (pronounced Ex-ist: short video, 0:00 – 4:15) long non-coding RNA (lncRNA; i.e., a long RNA molecule distinct from mRNAs that code for proteins, as in COVID-19 vaccines) is expressed only in females to randomly inactivate one of the two X chromosomes in each cell. This gene dosage compensation is essential, because only one sex chromosome should be active in any cell. X-inactivation is also called Lyonization after the geneticist Mary Lyon;