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The Dream of an Alpine Waterway

90 points| teew | 1 year ago |blog.nationalmuseum.ch

44 comments

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dredmorbius|1 year ago

I'm not an expert in this area, though the efficiencies of canal systems have interested me greatly in recent years. What's interesting to me is that even today, few canal systems seem to have elevation gains of more than a few metres.

Among the greatest lifts I'm aware of are the Erie Canal (no longer commercially operated, though accessible by pleasure craft), which rises 174m (571 ft) above sea level. Canada's Trent-Severn Waterway origionates on Lake Ontario at 74m (243 ft) elevation. The Panama Canal rises only 26m (85 ft) to Lake Gatun. And the Suez Canal operates without locks.

Which makes the 1,200 m gain of Caminada's proposal all the more audacious. And ... perhaps ... impractical.

jcranmer|1 year ago

The C&O Canal (built as a competitor to the Erie Canal) has a 184m (605 ft) lift to get to Cumberland, which is where they gave up trying to reach the Ohio River, haven been beaten by their competitor, the B&O Railroad.

Per Wikipedia, their original planned route had another 2700 ft of total elevation change to make the Ohio River, about 4 times what they had already done.

Pennsylvania's answer to the Erie Canal was the Main Line of Public Works, which was a canal with the hard parts replaced with railroads. The Juniata Division alone was as big a lift as the C&O or Erie, and there was another canal of comparable lift to get down into Pittsburgh.

foota|1 year ago

My guess is that this is more about practicality than anything. There's hardly a need for such high elevation locks I think, and where there is, tunneling is better.

cproctor|1 year ago

I paddled through the Erie Canal's locks in Lockport (where I live) last weekend! A lot of history passed through here.

K0balt|1 year ago

There’s no violation of physics here, simply the energy transfer of potential energy from water moving downhill.

Given a sufficient source of water above the highest tunnel, this seems like a remarkably efficient system, if almost certainly not economically viable to construct or maintain.

If we simplify a bit and assume that all tunnels are of the same size, with the volume of water needed to fill one tunnel plus the net displacement of the freight going up versus down, every barge in every tunnel is moved one tunnel forward on each slope, going up or down one side of the system. It’s interesting because there is automatic energy recovery “regenerative braking” because the displacement of the descending freight reduces the water consumption in proportion to the amount used to raise an equal amount of ascending freight. Pretty cool.

It would probably be more cost effective to use that same water source to build a hydroelectric powered electric locomotive, but -theoretically- the canal system should be able to move more freight.

In practice, i would bet on the railway, especially if descending trains fed energy back into the system to help power ascending ones. As for economics of construction and maintenance, the train would probably be orders of magnitude more cost effective.

Nonetheless, an elegant idea with an idyllic implementation. Kind of has a “clever” code smell though lol.

RajT88|1 year ago

> Given a sufficient source of water above the highest tunnel

I keep looking at this and coming back to this point. Where on earth can you get that volume of water that high up reliably year round?

Animats|1 year ago

That thing is scary. If a boat on an uphill tunnel doesn't keep moving forward to keep up with the rising water, the boat is forced against the top of the tunnel and everybody drowns.

nico_h|1 year ago

You can probably put a catenary with wheels on top of your boat and alongside to forward sides to ensure pushing it against the roof pushes your boat forward.

ajb|1 year ago

It's for freight, though, and if I understand it correctly, the force of the upward movement is automatically converted to horizontal movement by the pulley/rail system. So there's potentially no need for anyone to be on the boat as it transits the tunnel.

Not that that this looks practical - the tunnels would be huge, just for starters.

drewcoo|1 year ago

> Newton’s apple fell from the tree for the same reason as water flows downwards

For the sake of the narrative?

nico_h|1 year ago

I thought the author meant gravity.

ano-ther|1 year ago

Is there a demonstration of the locks somewhere? From the patent it sounds like a tunnel that gets flooded which lifts the ship. The tunnel must be really large because it has to fit the ship at an angle and not just head on.

https://patents.google.com/patent/US955317A/en

Taniwha|1 year ago

It's really more a pipe than a tunnel, the whole pipe needs to be able to support the weight of the boat and all the water to the top of each step

ur-whale|1 year ago

This was back in the days when folks in Europe were still capable of doing really ambitious technical things.

That particular project may have turned not to be economically viable, but it was at the very least thought of and studied seriously.

That kind of burning flame has now died miserably, and all Europe is now capable of doing is keeping the lights on.

bamboozled|1 year ago

Personally glad they had the foresight not to do stupid things like this to beautiful natural environments...the only thing I find really sad about Europe is the lack of old growth forest.