top | item 41347188

Google's new pipe syntax in SQL

328 points| heydenberk | 1 year ago |simonwillison.net

182 comments

order

samwillis|1 year ago

Richard Hipp, creator of SQLite, has implemented this in an experimental branch: https://sqlite.org/forum/forumpost/5f218012b6e1a9db

Worth reading the thread, there are some good insights. It looks like he will be waiting on Postgres to take the initiative on implementing this before it makes it into a release.

simonw|1 year ago

That comment where he explains why he's not rushing to add new unproven SQL syntax to SQLite is fascinating:

> My goal is to keep SQLite relevant and viable through the year 2050. That's a long time from now. If I knew that standard SQL was not going to change any between now and then, I'd go ahead and make non-standard extensions that allowed for FROM-clause-first queries, as that seems like a useful extension. The problem is that standard SQL will not remain static. Probably some future version of "standard SQL" will support some kind of FROM-clause-first query format. I need to ensure that whatever SQLite supports will be compatible with the standard, whenever it drops. And the only way to do that is to support nothing until after the standard appears.

Blackthorn|1 year ago

FROM first would be nothing short of incredible. I can only hope that Postgres and others can find it within themselves to get together and standardize on such an extension!

bvrmn|1 year ago

It's funny how he addresses the new syntax as "from-clause-first". Like a very minor change with a low value.

tehlike|1 year ago

LINQ, PRQL, Kusto has all preceeded this.

While LINQ is mostly restricted to .NET, PRQL is not. https://prql-lang.org/

It's a welcome change in the industry.

I made this prediction a couple years back: https://x.com/tehlike/status/1517533067497201666

numbsafari|1 year ago

The paper directly references PRQL and Kusto. The main goal here is to take lessons learned from earlier efforts and try and find a syntax that works inside and alongside the existing SQL grammar, rather than as a wholly separate language.

andrewguy9|1 year ago

I’m a big kusto user, and it’s wonderful to have pipes in a query language.

If you haven’t tried it, it’s great!

anonzzzies|1 year ago

Not having LINQ is a terrible inconvenience everywhere. Most languages have libs that try to hack something similar, but it usually simply isn't.

oaiey|1 year ago

Is "from" keyword originating from .NET (Framework 3.5 in 2007) or is this pre-existing somewhere in research?

aragonite|1 year ago

> This remains a long-standing pet peeve of mine. PDFs like this are horrible to read on mobile phones, hard to copy-and-paste from ...

I've never understood why copying text from digitally native PDFs (created directly from digital source files, rather than by OCR-ing scanned images) is so often such a poor experience. Even PDFs produced from LaTex often contain undesirable ligatures in the copied text like fi and fl. Text copied from some Springer journals sometimes lacks space between words or introduces unwanted space between letters in a word ... Is it due to something inherent in PDF technology?

crazygringo|1 year ago

> Is it due to something inherent in PDF technology?

Exactly. PDF doesn't have instructions to say "render this paragraph of text in this box", it has instructions to say "render each of these glyphs at each of these x,y coordinates".

It was never designed to have text extracted from it. So trying to turn it back into text involves a lot of heuristics and guesswork, like where enough separation between characters should be considered a space.

A lot also depends on what software produced the PDF, which can make it easier or harder to extract the text.

jonathanyc|1 year ago

PDF natively supports selectable/extractable text. Section 9.10 of ISO 32000 is literally “Extraction of Text Content.” I’ve implemented it myself in production software.

There are many good reasons why PDF has a “render glyph” instruction instead of a “render string”. In particular your printer and your PDF viewer should not need to have the same text shaping and layout algorithms in order for the PDF to render the same. Oops, your printer runs a different version of Harfbuzz!

The sibling comment is right that a lot depends on the software that produced the PDF. It’s important to be accurate about where the blame lies. I don’t blame the x86 ISA or the C++ standards committee when an Electron app uses too much memory.

jahewson|1 year ago

It’s due to poor choices made in the implementation of pdfTeX. For example the TeX engine does not associate the original space characters with the inter-word “glue” that replaces them, so pdfTeX happily omits them. This was fixed a few years back, finally. But there’s millions(?) of papers out there with no spaces.

mjevans|1 year ago

ligatures like fi fl ffi ffl etc are for changes in fonts specific to rendering correctly on a screen or printer. It's intended to be a _rendered_ format, rather than a parse-able format.

Well formatted epub and HTML generally are usually intended to update to end user needs and better fit available layout space.

0cf8612b2e1e|1 year ago

It is a shame that CSS pagination is still a mess. Not that I like CSS, but it would go a long way towards unlocking some layouts from PDF.

ericjmorey|1 year ago

XPS solved a lot of the problems with PDF, but Microsoft couldn't reach a critical level of adoption to let network effects take hold.

However, I don't know if XPS handles the copying of text better.

meindnoch|1 year ago

If a PDF doesn't support text extraction, it's the fault of the software that created it. Most likely the software didn't include the glyph → Unicode character mapping in the PDF.

summerlight|1 year ago

Previous submissions on the paper itself:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41321876 (first) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41338877 (plenty of discussions)

I tried this new syntax and this seems a reasonable proposal for complex analytical queries. This new syntax probably does not change most simple transactional queries though. The syntax matches the execution semantic more closely, which means you less likely need to formulate query in a weird form to make query planner work as expected; usually users only need to move some pipe operators to more appropriate places.

FridgeSeal|1 year ago

Kinda looks like a half-assed version of what PRQL does. Like, if we’re going to have nonstandard sql, let’s just fix a whole bunch of things, not just one or two?

BeefWellington|1 year ago

Every time this FROM-first syntax style crops up it's always the most basic simple query (one table, no projections / subselects / consideration to SP/Views).

Just for once I want to see complete examples of the syntax on an actual advanced query of any kind right away. Sure, toss out one simple case, but then show me how it looks when I have to join 4-5 reference tables to a fact table and then filter based on those things.

Once you do that, it becomes clear why SELECT first won out originally: legibility and troubleshooting.

As long as DBs continue to support standard SQL they can add whatever additional syntax support they want but based on history this'll wind up being a whole new generation of emacs vs vi style holy war.

dietr1ch|1 year ago

Sounds a bit like "new thing scary" unless you show why having select in front actually avoids problems, and I don't think there's a clear problem they avoid, but it does make it really hard to autocomplete (can you even do it properly?) while something along the lines of just swap select for from is well defined.

nsonha|1 year ago

> becomes clear why SELECT first won out originally: legibility and troubleshooting

nothing "becomes clear" just by you claiming so, better elaborate

WorldMaker|1 year ago

> Once you do that, it becomes clear why SELECT first won out originally: legibility and troubleshooting.

Select first was as much an accident of "it sounded better as an English sentence" to the early SQL designers. Plus also they were working with early era parsers with very limited look ahead and putting the primary "verb" up front was important at the time.

But English is very flexible, especially in "command syntax" and From first is surprisingly common: "From the middle cupboard, grab a plate". SQL trying to sound like English here only shows how inflexible it still is in comparison to actual English.

I've been using C#'s LINQ since it was added to the language in 2007 and the from/where/join/group by/select order feels great, is very legible especially because it gives you great autocomplete support, and troubleshooting is easier than people think.

mixedCase|1 year ago

https://prql-lang.org/ has a bunch of good examples on its home page.

If you engage the syntax with your System 2 thinking (prefrontal cortex, slow, the part of thinking we're naturally lazy to engage) rather than System 1 (automated, instinctual, optimized brain path to things we're used to) you'll most likely find that it is simpler, makes more logical sense so that you're filtering down things naturally like a sieve and composes far better than SQL as complexity grows.

After you've internalized that, imagine the kind of developer tooling we can build on top of that logical structure.

summerlight|1 year ago

As a test, I refactored a 500 line-ish analytical query that joins more than 20 tables with tens of complex CTE and I can say that this FROM-first syntax is superior than the legacy syntax on almost every single aspect.

bvrmn|1 year ago

> SELECT first won out originally: legibility and troubleshooting.

It quite interesting to dive into history of SQL alternatives in 70x/80x.

WesolyKubeczek|1 year ago

> Once you do that, it becomes clear why SELECT first won out originally: legibility and troubleshooting.

Also, tools can trivially tell DQL from DML by the first word they encounter, barring data-modifying functions (o great heavens, no!).

otabdeveloper4|1 year ago

FROM order is, like, the least offensive and least wrong thing about SQL.

Bikeshedding par excellence.

urbandw311er|1 year ago

Title should probably be changed, since the article is about using AI to convert a PDF to semantic HTML.

simonw|1 year ago

A surprising problem I'm seeing with maintaining a link blog is that articles from it occasionally get submitted to Hacker News, where people inevitably call them out as not being as appropriate as the source they are linking to - which is fair enough! That's why I don't tend to submit them myself.

This particular post quickly turned into a very thinly veiled excuse for me to complain about PDFs, then demonstrate a Gemini Pro trick.

In this case I converted to HTML - I've since tried converting a paper to Markdown and sharing in a Gist, which I think worked even better: https://gist.github.com/simonw/46a33d66e069efe5c10b63625fdab... - notes here https://simonwillison.net/2024/Aug/27/distro/

yarg|1 year ago

This reminds me .NET's short lived Linq to SQL;

There was a talk at the time, but I can't find the video: http://jaoo.dk/aarhus2007/presentation/Using+LINQ+to+SQL+to+....

Basically, it was a way to cleanly plug SQL queries into C# code.

It used this sort of ordering (where the constraints come after the thing being constrained); it needed to do so for IntelliSense to work.

cyberax|1 year ago

"Short-lived"? LINQ is very much alive in the C# ecosystem.

And FROM-first syntax absolutely makes more sense, regardless of autocomplete. You should put the "what I need to select" after the "what I'm selecting from", in general.

dragonwriter|1 year ago

> This reminds me .NET's short lived Linq to SQL;

"Short lived"? Its still alive, AFAIK, and the more popular newer thing for the same use case, Linq to Enntities, has the same salient features but (because it is tied to Entity Framework and not SQL Server specific) is more broadly usable.

mav3ri3k|1 year ago

The first piped query language I used was Nushell's implementation of wide-column tables. PRQL offers almost similar approach which I have loved dearly. It also maps to different SQL dialects. There is also proposal to work on type system: https://github.com/PRQL/prql/issues/381.

Google has now proposed a syntax inspired by these approaches. However, I am afraid how well it would be adopted. As someone new to SQL, nearly every DB seem to provide its own SQL dialect which becomes cumbersome very quickly.

Whereas PRQL feels something like Apache Arrow which can map to other dialects.

0xbadcafebee|1 year ago

As to the writer's problem with PDFs on the web: they aren't for reactive web app viewing on mobile phones. Not everything has to be. If you reeeeeeeally need to read that research paper, find a screen that's bigger than 3" wide.

jillesvangurp|1 year ago

I think his point is that Google is a web company. And a mobile phone company. And they publish a lot of stuff in a format that's basically optimized for print and kind of useless for anything else.

I did my PhD more than 20 years ago and it was annoying then to be working with all these postscript and pdf documents. It's still annoying. These days people publish content in PDF form on websites and mostly not in printed media. People might print these or not. Twenty years ago, I definitely did. But it's weird how we stick with this. And PDFs are of course very unstructured and hard to make sense of programmatically as well.

I bet a lot of modern day scientists don't actually print the articles they read anymore and instead read them on screen or maybe on some ipad or e-reader. Print has become an edge case. Reading a pdf on a small e-reader is not ideal. Anything with columns is kind of awkward to deal with. There's a reason why most websites don't use columns: it kind of sucks as a UX. The optimal form to deliver text is in a responsive form that can adapt to any screen size where you can change the font size as well. A lot of scientific paper layouts are optimized to conserve a resource that is no longer relevant: paper real estate. Tiny fonts, multiple columns, etc.

Anyway, I like Simon's solution and how it kind of works. It's kind of funny how some of these LLMs can be so lazy. The thing with the references being omitted is hilarious. I see the same with chat gpt where it goes out of its way to never do exactly as you asked and instead just give you bits and pieces of what you ask for until you beg it to just please FFing do as you're told?! I guess they are trying to save some tokens or GPU time.

simonw|1 year ago

Why shouldn’t I read research papers on my phone? That’s where I read almost everything else.

slaymaker1907|1 year ago

I actually work on SQL Server, but I also write a lot of KQL queries which also work this way and I totally agree that the sequential pipe stuff is easier to write. I haven't read through the whole paper, but one aspect that I really like is that I think it's easier to guide the query optimization in this sequential style.

beart|1 year ago

Is there any internal inertia for such changes to SQL server?

donatj|1 year ago

I've been writing SQL for something like 25 years and always thought the columns being SELECTed should have come last, not first. Naming your sources before what you're trying to get from them to me at least makes much more logical sense. Calling aliased table names before I have done the aliasing is weird.

Also it would make autocomplete in intelligent IDEs much more helpful when typing a query out from nothing.

victorbjorklund|1 year ago

Looks just like writing sql using Ecto in Elixir:

"users" |> where([u], u.age > 18) |> select([u], u.name)

https://hexdocs.pm/ecto/Ecto.Query.html

h0l0cube|1 year ago

Thought this too. The example queries look very much like Ecto statements. I miss the ergonomics and flexibility of Ecto when I use database wrappers on other platforms.

chubot|1 year ago

The next thing I would like is to define a function / macro that has a bunch of |> terms.

I pointed out that you can do this with shell:

Pipelines Support Vectorized, Point-Free, and Imperative Style https://www.oilshell.org/blog/2017/01/15.html

e.g.

    hist() {
      sort | uniq -c | sort -n -r
    }

    $ { echo a; echo bb; echo a; } | hist
      1 bb
      2 a

    $ foo | hist
    ...
   
Something like that should be possible in SQL!

wvenable|1 year ago

I didn't see this the first time:

    GROUP AND ORDER BY component_id DESC;
Is this kind of syntax combining grouping and ordering really necessary in addition the pipe operator? My advice would be to add the pipe operator and not get fancy adding other syntax to SQL as well.

bvrmn|1 year ago

It could be a custom zetasql extension leaked into the paper.

minkles|1 year ago

That is basically R with tidyverse.

  flights |>
    filter(
      carrier == "UA",
      dest %in% c("IAH", "HOU"),
      sched_dep_time > 0900,
      sched_arr_time < 2000
      ) |>
    group_by(flight) |>
    summarize(
      delay = mean(arr_delay, na.rm = TRUE),
      cancelled = sum(is.na(arr_delay)),
      n = n()
      ) |>
    filter(n > 10)
If you haven't used R, it has some serious data manipulation legs built into it.

dan-robertson|1 year ago

An interesting thing to me about all these dplyr-style syntaxes is that Wickham thinks the group_by operator was a design mistake. In modern dplyr you can often specify a .by on an operation instead. I found switching to this style a pretty easy adjustment, and I think it’s a bit better. Example:

  d |> filter(id==max(id),.by=orderId)
I think PRQL were thinking a bit about ways to avoid a group_by operation and I think what they have is a kind of ‘scoped’ or ‘higher order’ group_by operation which takes your grouping keys and a pipeline and outputs a pipeline step that applies the inner pipeline to each group.

countrymile|1 year ago

My thoughts exactly, it even uses the same pipe syntax, though I do prefer `%>%`. I've been avoiding SQL for a while now as it feels so clunky next to the tidyverse

AdieuToLogic|1 year ago

If anyone is interested in the theoretical background to the thrush combinator, a.k.a. "|>", here is one using Ruby as the implementation language:

https://leanpub.com/combinators/read#leanpub-auto-the-thrush

Being a concept which transcends programming languages, a search for "thrush combinator" will yield examples in several languages.

Ericson2314|1 year ago

We should really standardize a core language for SQL. Rust has MIR, Clang is making a CIR for C/C++. Once we have that, we'll be able to to communicate much better.

Right now, it's everyone faffing around with different mental models and ugly single pass compilers (my understanding is that parsing-->query planning is not nearly as well-separated in most DBs as parsing-->optomize-->codegen in most compilers).

anothername12|1 year ago

> We should really standardize a core language for SQL

Do you mean something other than ISO/IEC 9075:2023 (the 9th edition of the SQL standard)?

rrrrrrrrrrrryan|1 year ago

ANSI SQL is very much a thing, and you should strive to keep your queries as close as possible to standard SQL as your database engine allows, if you want those queries to be portable to other database technology in the future.

Zopieux|1 year ago

I just want trailing commas allowed everywhere. I can't believe this 2024 and we still have to deal with this crap. Humanity deserves better.

Syntax/DSL designers: if your language uses a separator for anything, please kindly allow trailing versions of that separator anywhere possible.

themerone|1 year ago

My big wish for SQL is for single row inserts to have a {key: value} syntax.

zX41ZdbW|1 year ago

In ClickHouse you can do

    INSERT INTO table FORMAT JSONEachRow {"key": 123}
It works with all other formats as well.

Plus, it is designed in a way so you can make an INSERT query and stream the data, e.g.:

    clickhouse-client --query "INSERT INTO table FORMAT Protobuf" < data.protobuf

    curl 'https://example.com/?query=INSERT...' --data-binary @- < data.bson

BostonFern|1 year ago

MySQL has it without the braces.

nickpeterson|1 year ago

This would condense lines of code by a lot and prevent a lot of dumb bugs.

gopiandcode|1 year ago

I find this particular choice of syntax somewhat amusing because the pipe notation based query construction was something I ended up using a year ago when making an SQL library in OCaml:

https://github.com/kiranandcode/petrol

An example query being:

```

let insert_person ~name:n ~age:a db = Query.insert ~table:example_table ~values:Expr.[ name := s n; age := i a ] |> Request.make_zero |> Petrol.exec db

```

KronisLV|1 year ago

This feels like this should be in the official SQL standard and supported across a bunch of RDBMSes and understood by IDEs, libraries and frameworks.

riku_iki|1 year ago

Yeah, and we will have two standards given popularity of existing syntax

middayc|1 year ago

Looking at the first example from PDF:

    FROM customer
    |> LEFT OUTER JOIN orders ON c_custkey = o_custkey
    AND o_comment NOT LIKE '%unusual%packages%'
    |> AGGREGATE COUNT(o_orderkey) c_count
    GROUP BY c_custkey
    |> AGGREGATE COUNT(*) AS custdist
    GROUP BY c_count
    |> ORDER BY custdist DESC, c_count DESC;
You could do something similar with Ryelang's spreadsheet datatype:

    customers: load\csv %customers.csv
    orders: load\csv %orders.csv

    orders .where-not-contains 'o_comment "unusual packages" 
    |left-join customers 'o_custkey 'c_custkey
    |group-by 'c_custkey { 'c_custkey count }
    |group-by 'c_custkey_count { 'c_custkey_count count }
    |order-by 'c_custkey_count_count 'descending
Looking at this, maybe we should add an option to name the new aggregate column (now they get named automatically) in group-by function because c_custkey_count_count is not that elegant for example.

rileymat2|1 year ago

Is there research on what is easier to read when you are sifting through many queries?

I like the syntax for reading what the statement expects to output first, even though I agree that I don’t write them select first. I feel like this might be optimizing the wrong thing.

Although the example is nice, it does not show 20 tables joined first, which will really muddle it.

beart|1 year ago

The select list is meaningless without everything that follows. Knowing that a query selects "id, "date" tells you nothing without knowing the table, the search criteria, etc.

delegate|1 year ago

There's honeysql library in Clojure, where you define queries as maps, which are then rendered to SQL strings:

    {:select [:name :age]
     :from {:people :p}
     :where [:> :age 10]}
Since maps are unordered, this is equivalent to

    {:from {:people :p}
     :select [:name :age]
     :where [:> :age 10]}
and also

    {:where [:> :age 10]
     :select [:name :age]
     :from {:people :p}}


These can all be rendered to 'SELECT... FROM' or 'FROM .. SELECT'.

Queries as data structures are very versatile, since you can use the language constructs to compose them.

Queries as strings (FROM-first or not) are still strings which are hard to compose without breaking the syntax.

OptionOfT|1 year ago

> GROUP AND ORDER BY component_id DESC;

This feels like too much. GROUP BY and ORDER BY are separate clauses, and creating a way to group (heh) them in one clause complicates cognitive load, especially when there is an effort to reduce the overall effort to parse the query in your mind (and to provide a way for an intellisense-like system a way to make better suggestions).

    GROUP AND ORDER BY x DESC;
vs

    GROUP BY x;
    ORDER BY x DESC;
This long form is 1 word longer, but, it easier to parse in your mind, and doesn't introduce unneeded diffs when changing either the GROUP or the ORDER BY column reference.

isoprophlex|1 year ago

I love the idea but something in my brain starts to itch when I see that pipe operator

     |>
What IS that thing? A unix pipe that got confused with a redirect? A weird smiley of a bird wearing sunglasses?

It'll take some getting used to, for me...

WorldMaker|1 year ago

It's like other "arrow" digraphs in common programming languages today, such as =>. You can picture it as a triangle pointing to the right.

Many Programming Ligature fonts even often draw it that way. For instance it is shown under F# in the Fira Code README: https://github.com/tonsky/FiraCode

summerlight|1 year ago

They considered ditching `|>` or using `|` but unfortunately there's a bunch of syntactic ambiguity.

OscarCunningham|1 year ago

> Rationale: We used the same operator name for full-table and grouped aggregation to minimize edit distance between these operations. Unfortunately, this puts the grouping and aggregate columns in different orders in the syntax and output. Putting GROUP BY first would require adding a required keyword before the AGGREGATE list.

I think this is bad rationale. Having the columns in order is much more important than having neat syntax for full-table aggregation.

philippta|1 year ago

Why even add the pipe operator?

If the DB engine is executing the statement out of order, why not allow the statement to be written in any order and let itself figure it out?

bvrmn|1 year ago

Aggregations could be non-commutative in general case and order is important. Filters before and after grouping are also tied to a particular place in the pipeline.

self|1 year ago

> Why even add the pipe operator?

To make it easier for humans to read/write the queries.

julien040|1 year ago

I haven't seen it mentioned yet, but it reminds me of PQL (not PRQL): https://pql.dev

It's inspired by Kusto and available as an open-source CLI. I've made it compatible with SQLite in one of my tools, and it's refreshing to use.

An example:

  StormEvents
  | where State startswith "W"
  | summarize Count=count() by State

eezing|1 year ago

For autocomplete, FROM first makes a lot of sense. For readability, SELECT first makes more sense because the output is always at the top.

nagisa|1 year ago

People here are describing many projects that already have something resembling this syntax and concept, so I'll add another query language to the pile too: Influx's now-mostly-abandoned Flux. Uses the same |> token and structures the query descriptions starting with an equivalent of "FROM".

ahmed_ds|1 year ago

This is why I like tools like datastation and hex.tech. You write the initial query using SQL than process the results as a dataframe using Python/pandas. Surely, mixing Pandas and SQL like that is not good for data pipelines but for exploration and analytics, I have found this approach to be enjoyable.

theodpHN|1 year ago

Yes, it's very convenient to be able to use SQL with your massively parallel commercial database (Oracle, Snowflake, etc.) and then again with the results sets (Pandas, etc.). Interestingly, it's a concept that was implemented 35 years ago in SAS (link below) but is just now gaining traction in today's "modern" software (e.g., via DuckDB).

USING THE NEW SQL PROCEDURE IN SAS PROGRAMS (1989) https://support.sas.com/resources/papers/proceedings-archive... The Sql procedure uses SQL to create, modify, and retrieve data from SAS data sets and views derived from those data sets. You can also use the SOL procedure to join data sets and views with those from other database management systems through the SAS/ACCESS software interfaces.

stevefan1999|1 year ago

That's just Linq from C# except Google want to make it a SQL standard...

datadeft|1 year ago

> It's been 50 years. It's time to clean up SQL. This

Is it though?

Are we trying to solve the human SQL parser and generator problem or there is some underlying implementation detail that benefits from pipes?

eternauta3k|1 year ago

Do manually-generated SQL strings have a place outside of interactive use? I use them in my small projects but I wonder if a query builder isn't better for larger systems.

otabdeveloper4|1 year ago

Query building for an analytics database is impossible.

These queries are always hand-rolled because you pay the analysts to optimize them.

oznog|1 year ago

SQL replacements is like not understanding the magnitude of the success of something so old.

SQL is fine.

SQL has been the state of the art for db queries for 40 years.

And it will continue to be when we all retire.

jiggawatts|1 year ago

They’re a bit late to the game, there’s are least a dozen such popular query languages. LINQ and KQL come to mind, but there are many others…

metadat|1 year ago

Simon: Please keep pushing, and mute nothing.

carabiner|1 year ago

I like this. Reminds me of pandas.

fridental|1 year ago

For the sake of God, please fucking stop inventing new pipe languages.

LINQ: exists

Splunk query language: exists

KQL: exists

MongoDB query language: exists

PRQL: exists

pxc|1 year ago

LINQ, Splunk, and KQL are all proprietary. For the purposes of setting new standards, they might as well not exist.

PRQL is the only real entrant in your list when it comes to adding a pipelining syntax to a language for relational queries in a way that others can freely build on.

bvrmn|1 year ago

SQL parsers: exists.

The paper clearly describes the goal: add a pipe syntax into existing systems with minor changes and be compatible with existing SQL queries.

BTW: LINQ is an AST transformer not a language per se tied to a particular platform. None of existing DBs allows to use it directly.

1024core|1 year ago

Isn't this the same syntax (or very similar to) Apache Beam?

notfed|1 year ago

Is it just me, or does this seem anachronistic? Like, this is a conversation I expected to blow up 20 years ago. Better late than never.

rosencrantz|1 year ago

int *ptr;

// but let's change it to *int ptr;

// because the pointer symbol is more logical to write first

Please can we solve a real problem instead?

jappgar|1 year ago

Wait, is this post about SQL or PDF...

sharpshadow|1 year ago

I have to honestly say that I like PDFs they always work and don’t fail without JS.