[cbodnar]

Re question 1: LLMs are already working pretty well for video generation (e.g. see Sora). You can also think of weather as some sort of video generation problem where you have hundreds of channels (one for each variable). So this is not inconsistent with other LLM success stories from other domains.

Re question 2: Simulations don't need to be explainable. Being able to simulate simply means being able to provide a resonable evolution of a system given some potential set of initial conditions and other constraints. Even for physics-based simulations, when run at huge scale like with weather, it's debatable to what degree they are "interpretable".

Thanks for your questions!