[pdx_flyer]

Good points.

Have you seen a lot of phase-shifting transformers in the U.S.? In my experience they've mostly been in Europe with a few specialized applications in the States.

I would think a utility would want to reconductor the other circuits otherwise they're leaving benefits on the table right?

[ghouse]

I only know the western US. And my experience is consistant with your own -- specialized applications.

They would love to reconductor the other circuits. In the US, the utilities make a guaranteed rate of return on investments in the transmission system. So, anything they regulators will let them do, they'll do -- not necessarily because it has technical benefits, but because it has economic benefits.

This is one reason why reconductoring isn't that popular with utilities -- it allows the utility to get more capacity with less spend, so less profit.

[pdx_flyer]

Fair enough. I had a conversation with one utility that was fine with transformers popping (even if preventable) because a popped transformer becomes a capitalizable expense.