[eastern]

The obvious answer is a relational structure. In the given example, host, status, path and target should be separate relations. They'll all be tiny ones, a few rows each.

Of course, performance etc are a separate story but as far as the shape of the data goes, that's what the solution is

[LAC-Tech]

Then you're locking your data into a relational model.

A log is universal, and can be projected to relational, document etc. Which is why most relational databases are built on top of them.