top | item 42472384

The CD Pipeline Manifesto

89 points| bullcitydev | 1 year ago |manifesto.getglu.dev

47 comments

order

sourishkrout|1 year ago

I commend anyone who’s taking a hard look at our current CI/CD practices. Good work! Succinctly stating the problems is easier said than done.

I believe https://dagger.io checks all these manifesto boxes and more. At least that’s where I’m focusing my attention.

GrumpyCat42|1 year ago

My company is currently adopting this and I don't see the appeal yet - likely from a lack of knowing much about it.

I added it to a side project just to get familiar and it added quite a few sdk files and folders to my project, and lots of decorators. It also required Docker and yadda yadda yadda.

I just could not justify using it compared to just running some regular Typescript file with Bun (or, in a different project, `go run cmd/ci/main.go`)

jas39|1 year ago

I'm thinking before we build a CI/CI pipeline, make sure there is a Makefile. Why have they gone out of style?

ericyd|1 year ago

Not sure but my guess is because they aren't a good fit for many languages. If you need a task runner then often languages will have a built in option or there are better alternatives than Make. If you need a build system then Make isn't a good fit for a lot of modern languages.

GrumpyCat42|1 year ago

My struggle with Make and bash is that they're not very expressive - maybe that's something we want in our CIs, but I've always preferred writing an actual program in that program's native language for CI/CD, even if it has to shell out some commands every now and again.

maccard|1 year ago

If I want to build and test a golang app and push it to a container repository, what value does a makefile provide over go build && docker push?

All the tools do their own dependency tracking already (unfortunately).

gwbas1c|1 year ago

I touched make once in 1999, in school. The syntax was arcane, even by 1999 standards.

> Why have they gone out of style?

Because no modern toolchain uses make. Its syntax is so arcane that it's been replaced with various tools that are designed for the specific stack. Otherwise, more generic build systems use modern languages / markup.

paweladamczuk|1 year ago

> Without types, it is difficult to compose pipelines together.

I would gladly hear this argument expanded. It's really not obvious to me that that's the case.

wesselbindt|1 year ago

Suppose I give you two functions f, and g. Can you run f(g()) without breaking things? The honest answer is you don't know until you read the functions, which is a slow and difficult thing to do.

Suppose I give you functions f and g of respective types int -> str and Nothing -> str. Can you compose them? No, and you see this immediately from the types. Types make reasoning about composability a lot easier.

Of course, it's not a panacea, and it's less helpful the more side effects a function has. Can we compose pure int->int functions? Of course! Can we compose two of them where the second expects some image to exist in some docker registry? You'll need to read the first to be able to tell.

Given the highly side effectful nature of pipelines, I'd think the applicability of types would be limited. But maybe that's just a lack of imagination on my part.

Certainly information like "this pipeline expects these variables" and "this pipeline sets these variables" are susceptible to a typed approach, and it would make things easier. By how much, I don't know.

mdaniel|1 year ago

I'm guessing this is relevant: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42267316 Show HN: Glu – Deployment pipeline framework as code - Nov, 2024 - 2 comments

And, tellingly, it seems they still haven't provided a "why not ${other tool}" anywhere that I can readily spot

esafak|1 year ago

You beat me to it: why not Dagger?

clvx|1 year ago

I have a hot take on this. I don’t care how you build and deploy as long as it’s reproducible and the whole process can be tracked in their metadata. I’d rather have a process validating CI/CD stages and artifacts metadata in a central db than unifying pipelines that won’t get standardized due communication complexity. This way I can have a conversation on visibility rather than code edge cases.

ttyprintk|1 year ago

This is important for SBOM (software bill-of-materials) which will soon be mandatory in regulated domains.

jiggawatts|1 year ago

I had a look at the example glu deployment pipeline and I’m decidedly unimpressed.

Admittedly most of my criticism is related to the choice of Go as an implementation language: more than 80% of the code volume is error handling boilerplate!

Before the lovers of Go start making the usual arguments consider that in a high-level pipeline script every step is expected to fail in novel and interesting ways! This isn’t “normal code” where fallible external I/O interactions are few and far between, so error handling overhead is amortised over many lines of logic! Instead the code becomes all error handling with logic… in there… somewhere. Good luck even spotting it.

Second, I don’t see the benefit of glu (specifically) over established IaC systems such as Pulumi — which is polyglot and allows the use of languages that aren’t mostly repetitive error handling ceremony.

This seems like an internally developed tool that suits the purposes of a single org “thrown over the fence” in the hope that the open source community will contribute to their private tool.

cdaringe|1 year ago

ocamlci is an OCaml Platform offered canned recipe, a la glu, and they really cut that boilerplate down. I almost never use, but i had the same vibes as you did and it made me think of an impl i thought glu may have something to learng from.

https://github.com/ocurrent/ocaml-ci?tab=readme-ov-file

rat87|1 year ago

> Pipeline definitions are scattered across multiple tools—GitHub Actions, Jenkins, ArgoCD, Kubernetes—and environments. This fragmentation leads to confusion, configuration drift, and duplicated effort.

So are they talking about some sort of meta language compiling into multiple yaml configs for the different environments or a single separate CI tool that has plugins and integrates with GitHub/gitlab/etc?

I do agree with them about the need for a real programming language. I hate yaml in gitlabs config, it is very hard to interpret how it will be interpreted. Things were much easier when I was scripting Jenkins even though I didn't know or like groovy then with gitlab

cdaringe|1 year ago

> So are they talking about … meta language

Said kindly, no, they’re not. They’re just stating values here, imho, not impl detail

a1o|1 year ago

I don't think this is reasonable if you have a cross platform (web, android, iOS, macOS, Windows, Linux, FreeBSD, ...) app, things won't be that clean, that only works if whatever you do is very simple, otherwise there will be some patchwork to build and test across all platforms - there's just no way to run all of them local in your single platform computer whatever that is. Honestly a lot of what is there is not that useful, I don't need types in the pipeline when scripting python for build integration logic, there's nothing that types brings that are a must in that case.

vergessenmir|1 year ago

Is any of this reproducible? Not sure why that requirement has been quietly overlooked.

I've worked in this space for a long time and can't make head or tail of what glue is.

A motivating examplt would be help which I might have missed?

cdaringe|1 year ago

Well written. Ive long held these values, and never could express them so concisely. Kudos!

I look forward to seeing some matrix eval of impl strategies against these values

aarmenaa|1 year ago

FTA:

> The Fix: Use a full modern programming language, with its existing testing frameworks and tooling.

I was reading the article and thinking myself "a lot of this is fixed if the pipeline is just a Python script." And really, if I was to start building a new CI/CD tool today the "user facing" portion would be a Python library that contains helper functions for interfacing with with the larger CI/CD system. Not because I like Python (I'd rather Ruby) but because it is ubiquitous and completely sufficient for describing a CI/CD pipeline.

I'm firmly of the opinion that once we start implementing "the power of real code: loops, conditionals, runtime logic, standard libraries, and more" in YAML then YAML was the wrong choice. I absolutely despise Ansible for the same reason and wish I could still write Chef cookbooks.

mqus|1 year ago

I don't think I agree. I've now seen the 'language' approach in jenkins and the static yaml file approach in gitlab and drone. A lot of value is to be gained if the whole script can be analysed statically, before execution. E.g. UI Elements can be there and the whole pipeline is visible, before even starting it.

It also serves as a natural sandbox for the "setup" part so we can always know that in a finite (and short) timeline, the script is interpreted and no weird stuff can ever happen.

Of course, there are ways to combine it (e.g. gitlab can generate and then trigger downstream pipelines from within the running CI, but the default is the script. It also has the side effect that pipeline setup can't ever do stuff that cannot be debugged (because it's running _before_ the pipeline) But I concede that this is not that clear-cut. Both have advantages.

moltar|1 year ago

Best pipeline I’ve had the pleasure to design is AWS CodePipeline via AWS CDK. Ticks all boxes. Uses pure TypeScript code.

azeirah|1 year ago

None of these are a problem anymore since the advent of Nix.