[daggersandscars]

It says both. The 1 in 3 refers to those under 23.

> One in three U.S. adults has been arrested by age 23.

The has a criminal record refers to the population as a whole.

> [...] between 70 million and 100 million—or as many as one in three Americans—have some type of criminal record

Linked PDF: https://www.sentencingproject.org/app/uploads/2022/08/Americ...