[jackdaniel]

It's worse, it is -O0 -- this is because of the GC and binaryen/llvm interaction. For GC to work we need to spill stack call pointers (and binaryen has such a flag!), but for the optimization level 1 and above said pointers are sometimes optimized away :3

I'm experimenting with WASI and the GC extension for WASM, but that's months from today if we speak about complete port (given my time capacity at the moment).

[azakai]

Interesting, thanks for the details!

WasmGC would be the best solution here, yeah, then the VM handles pointers for you.

Otherwise, I could look into the SpillPointers issue for you if you want - optimizations should not remove GC pointers, so that sounds like a bug. If so feel free to file an issue with a testcase. (But WasmGC would be best, avoiding all that.)

[disentanglement]

As far as I know, optimization levels higher than -O0 work fine with SpillPointers. But at least in a cursory first look I had a while ago, the optimizations made things slower overall. I guess they might lead actually to more "moving pointers in and out of the heap" since the SpillPointers pass is done at the very end. But this should all be investigated more thoroughly.