[kpozin]

Another fun limitation is that a transaction cannot span multiple D1 requests, so you can't select from the database, execute application logic, and then write to the database in an atomic way. At most, you can combine multiple statements into a single batch request that is executed atomically.

When I needed to ensure atomicity in such a multi-part "transaction", I ended up making a batch request, where the first statement in the batch checks a precondition and forces a JSON parsing error if the precondition is not met, aborting the rest of the batch statements.

  SELECT
    IIF(<precondition>, 1, json_extract("inconsistent", "$")) AS consistent
  FROM ...

I was lucky here. For anything more complex, one would probably need to create tables to store temporary values, and translate a lot of application logic into SQL statements to achieve atomicity.