[gattr]

It's also in his previous book "The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds and The Laws of Physics", along with a lot more. Strongly recommended (even though after reading a lot of Greg Egan, my views on consciousness somewhat shifted towards "classical computation can do it, too".)

[eru]

Yes, the main argument in the Emperor's New Mind seems to boil down to 'consciousness is weird, and quantum stuff is weird, so consciousness needs to be quantum'.

If you can look past that, there's some good other material inside.