[JacobiX]

I loved the article, but it overlooks one important point: although the JPEG format is frozen, encoders are still evolving ! Advances such as smarter quantization, better perceptual models, and higher-precision maths enables us achieve higher compression ratios while sticking to a format that's supported everywhere :)

[cogman10]

This is true, but there are limits. It's a little bit like DEFLAT. Sure, very advanced compressors like Zopfi exist which can get better compression ratios. But then, there's also just Zstd which will get a better compression ratio and compression speed trivially.

[edflsafoiewq]

I guess you're thinking of jpegli? Do you know how big a difference this actually makes?

[ksec]

Anywhere from 5-15% if I remember correctly depending on source material. I was at one point thinking this would make JPEG-XL and AV1F moot because all of a sudden JPEG became good enough again. But the Author of JPEG-XL suggest there is still so much JPEG-XL encoder can do to further optimise bit / quality especially in the bpp below 1.0 range.

[qingcharles]

Jpegli is designed from the ashes of JPEG-XL (same author), both from Google. IIRC he also had a hand in the PNG format?

[JacobiX]

MozJPEG, Guetzli and also Jpegli