[diroussel]

> Modern computer systems are complex systems — and complex systems are characterized by their non-linear nature, which means that observed changes in an output are not proportional to the change in the input. This concept is also known in chaos theory as the butterfly effect,

This isn't quite right. Linear systems can also be complex, and linear dynamic systems can also exhibit the butterfly effect.

That is why the butterfly effect is so interesting.

Of course non-linear systems can have a large change in output based on a small input, because they allow step changes, and many other non-linear processes.