[DigitalNoumena]

Coincidentally I recently watched these videos about this topic. Both great channels!

3D Guide - How to Build the Perfect Medieval Castle https://youtu.be/Syjg6PHYFBo?si=JceRfeOks3hOVqWu

How to Lay Siege to a Medieval Fortress (1000-1300) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aQ7hTNoK-OA&t=1900s

[IAmBroom]

How to Lay Siege to a Medieval Fortress:

Bring food. LOTS of it.

Wait.

(However, it's apparently easier to do it the fast way. Food storage in the field was quite difficult, and supply lines are vulnerable.)

[bell-cot]

With competent defenders, "the fast way" has a high failure rate. And even if successful, a high body count.

Or, if you're referring to gunpowder/cannon tactics - those are the reason for medieval-style fortifications falling out of favor, 1500 CE-ish.

[SJC_Hacker]

Well constructed medevial fortresses imposed such a high cost on any attackers that were rarely attempts to assault them directly. There was almost always an easier way.

However if was a city or sometimes a large town, the calculus changes because the payoff was much higher. Also it may not have always been possible to wait the defenders out - because of relief armies and the troops getting restless and possibly deserting. An example in the "medevial" period (lets say ~1050-1453) where walls were directly attacked would be Jerusalem

[ahazred8ta]

After a three month siege in 1136, Exeter Castle finally had to surrender when they ran out of wine. O cruel fate.