[intotheabyss]

I think you're missing part of the story with stocks like NVDA. The value of a stock is also based on expectations, so it could be that all of NVDA's growth for the next decade has already been frontrun by the market, and it's essentially partly a prediction market on how valuable the infrastructure will be for AI, given that the chip requirements will only increase as AI systems are implemented in more and more hardware (robots / appliances / transportation / medicine, etc.). While the growth potential of carbon fuels really remains as it is with modest growths aligned with demand/population, but tempered by alternate energy taking greater and greater marketshare.

So it could simultaneously be hype (very optimistic predictions) and yet still valued appropriatey by the market with future expectations priced in, just with some additional premium due to that demand/hype.