[nshm]

And moreover, you can not tune those models for practical applications. The model is originally trained on very clean data, so lower layers are also not very stable for diverse inputs. To finetune you have to update the whole model, not just upper layers.

[yorwba]

In section 5.7.5, they fine-tune for "11 low-resource languages, with between 5-10 hours of training data and at least 1 hour of validation splits." "CTC fine-tuning takes ≈1 hour of walltime on 32 GPUs for the 300M scale." If that's too expensive, you also have the option of supplying additional context for the LLM-based model (section 5.5).

As for "very clean data," see section 5.7.4: "Omnilingual + OMSF ASR was intentionally curated to represent naturalistic (i.e., often noisy) audio conditions, diverse speaker identities, and spontaneous, expressive speech."