[NL807]

Somewhat related field, compressive sensing, attempts to answer some of those questions (particularly missing data, uneven sampling and errors) using a L1 minimisation technique.

[geokon]

Can you recommend where to learn more about it? It looks like what I should be looking at.. hopefully not a rabbit hole :))

[NL807]

Here is a good lecture on this subject:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rt5mMEmZHfs