[jhanschoo]

Off the top of my head due to proximity, Mainland Chinese requirement for Joint Ventures for foreign entrants trying to participate in their market led to a lot of technology and human capital transfer; the case of ARM China comes to my mind. I don't remember details beyond that, but instead of spending time reviewing sources I think this Gemini conversation on this topic should suffice for an introduction and overview https://gemini.google.com/share/42b75fbf2e61

I suppose that there is room to make argument to be made that less protectionism in these respects would have been more sustainable, but it won't be easy. It seems to me that one would have to point to one of:

- enormous short-term benefits of allowing foreign entities to enter the market while controlling their intellectual capital / capital equipment

- a reason why they would acquire such intellectual capital / capital equipment anyway through less protectionist means

- a reason why they would obtain a substitute for the long-term value represented by such intellectual capital / capital equipment