[lifestyleguru]

> Me thinks they are factoring in a high % of evasion under 100,000 euros per year gains.

Paultry individual investors have it the hardest to evade and optimize the taxes actually. Oftentimes they pay double dividend tax (WHT, only partial write off because of bilateral treaty, local dividend tax) while financial institutions were receiving... double refund of WHT (CumEx scandal).

[JumpinJack_Cash]

Evasion is basically just not declaring it. The individual investors are the best equipped to do that.

Europe has a different system , the broker doesn't automatically subtract the tax owed or even send the form to the tax authorities .

[lifestyleguru]

Real brokers require TIN of an EU citizen and report the total capital gain over CRS to the country of your tax residence. If they don't do it they are not a broker and what you are buying with them are not shares.