[raverbashing]

I'm guessing this is your card bouncing a repeat purchase from the same vendor with the same value

[xxs]

That I'd not know, although it'd be very uncommon and has not happened. In the EU 3ds is a very standard process, the the payments require an explicit approval (national id cards/smartid, etc.)

[raverbashing]

Yeah weird, I've seen some vendors reject the purchase even after a successful 3ds validation, looks like something in the vendor/payment processor (rather than the bank) side

[inigyou]

3DS also requires a smartphone app, at least at my bank