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Kale, cauliflower, cabbage, broccoli, Brussels sprouts are all the same species

99 points| lukas | 11 years ago |vox.com

97 comments

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[+] daveloyall|11 years ago|reply
I can't believe the author left THESE out: https://www.google.com/search?q=geometric+brassicas&tbm=isch

You can make them at home, but it requires a lot of work and luck, since brassicas cross-breed if they are near each other at all.

[+] ajb|11 years ago|reply
I've always wondered if those are the ones in the famous Diocletian quote "Would you could see the cabbages planted by my hand at Salona, you would then never think of urging such an attempt [to return from retirement as Emperor]".
[+] contingencies|11 years ago|reply
In Chinese these are called 塔菜 (ta cai) or "tower vegetable".
[+] technotony|11 years ago|reply
Another plant he left out was Arabidopsis, which is the model organism most studied by plant biologists as it has the second shortest plant genome (they used to think it was the shortest). My company (http://www.glowingplant.com) is engineering these to make them glow in the dark... so maybe we can make glow-in-the-dark broccoli next ;) It's not hundreds of years to make new cultivars now, dramatic changes can be achieved in months. Fun fact: you can make an arabidopsis look like a Brussels sprout with the modification to a single gene... it wouldn't taste as good though, that takes more genes!
[+] jakespencer|11 years ago|reply
Though the article mentions it, I can't believe the headline left out broccoli, which is the form of this species that I eat the most of.
[+] dang|11 years ago|reply
Let us rectify the insult to broccoli.
[+] Pirate-of-SV|11 years ago|reply
In Swedish and I guess in other languages as well it's not that mind blowing.

We call them: Grönkål, Blomkål, Vitkål, Broccoli, Brysselkål

[+] bonchibuji|11 years ago|reply
Here are the Finnish names (in the order of the headline):

lehtikaali, kukkakaali, kaali, parsakaali, ruusukaalikasveille

[+] OmarIsmail|11 years ago|reply
I've unintentionally known this for about 25 years. Nobody ever believed that I was allergic to broccoli or cauliflower and just thought I hated them. Then one day I tried out kale and found that it tasted similar to broccoli to me. I asked my wife if she felt the same way (brussel sprouts also taste the same) and she said they all taste very different to her.

We then looked up and saw that they're all part of the mustard family.

So if you're ever curious if a plant is part of the mustard family just let me taste it and I'll let you know... and then throw up on you.

[+] taejo|11 years ago|reply
If you taste them raw, they all definitely have a common, slightly mustardy flavour.
[+] BrainInAJar|11 years ago|reply
what is this? /r/TIL ? Of course they are...
[+] OedipusRex|11 years ago|reply
This is HackerNews. Hacker. News.

I believe we should be focusing on other types of food that are related like pickles and cucumbers.

[+] acheron|11 years ago|reply
Seriously. I try to not get overly annoyed at people finding out common facts: everyone has to learn it once, right? But this is an awfully obvious one. Besides, there's really no justification for linking to Ezra and Matty's Mouth-Breathers-r-Us.
[+] mcphage|11 years ago|reply
There's a number of people who visit Hacker News and not Reddit... and since HN doesn't have subreddits, they just dump whatever thing they find is interesting in the same place, regardless of how appropriate it is to the site's purpose. It's obnoxious.
[+] mmanfrin|11 years ago|reply
As is mustard. It's a pretty astounding species.
[+] aamar|11 years ago|reply
The mustard that we typically eat as a condiment or greens are Sinapis alba, Brassica juncea, and Brassica nigra, which are in the same family as Brassica oleracea, but they aren't the same species.
[+] stygiansonic|11 years ago|reply
Great example of the power of selective breeding.
[+] mbreese|11 years ago|reply
Ah yes, selective breeding... also known as the original method for creating GMOs. Nowadays we can just do things a bit faster without all of the waiting required for multiple generations of crops. But that doesn't mean that we haven't been practicing artificial genetic selection for millennia.
[+] 31reasons|11 years ago|reply
Whatever you want to call it, they don't have exactly the same genome. Calling them the same species is like saying Dog is Wolf and Human is Ape.
[+] splawn|11 years ago|reply
Unless you are my long lost twin, you and I don't have the exact same genome either. Personally, I like the thought that cauliflower is the poodle of cabbages.
[+] undersuit|11 years ago|reply
You and I don't have the same genome, we aren't the same species?
[+] Houshalter|11 years ago|reply
The distinction is that dogs and wolves are different subspecies. However these plants have diverged mostly within the last thousand years or so, so they might not be even that different.
[+] sp332|11 years ago|reply
I'm not sure if it has changed, but things used to be called the same species if they can interbreed with each other and produce fertile offspring. Dog is wolf, yes; man is ape, no.
[+] daveslash|11 years ago|reply
I don't believe it. Very interesting read, and I don't doubt that the plants all originated from the same species . However, I'm not convinced that they are still the same species; can one assert that we have, through artificial selection, induced speciation? I believe this is more likely.

I will admit that the definition of "species" is subject to debate. The general definition to which I subscribe requires that two individuals are able to mate, produce offspring, and that can then mate and produce offspring of its own. A major shortcoming with this definition, however, is that it does not address Ring Species. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_species

[+] cstross|11 years ago|reply
I'm not convinced that they are still the same species; can one assert that we have, through artificial selection, induced speciation?

One word: "dogs".

(Are you skeptical that chihuahuas and huskies are the same species? Some dog breeds are incapable of mating successfully without artificial insemination, or reproducing effectively -- think of a great dane foetus gestating in a female chihuahua -- but within a small single-digit number of generations they can produce hybridised "mutts" that are interfertile. Similarly, the brassicae are pretty much the same thing.)

[+] dalke|11 years ago|reply
I don't understand why you don't believe it. It's quite wide-spread knowledge, and a quick check doesn't show any signs that it's a wide-spread urban legend.

I noticed that your understanding of 'species' doesn't consider obligate parthenogenesis. There are, for example, some 50 species of lizard that only reproduce parthenogenetically. Under your definition, these are not a species because there is no mating. I submit that that is a much more critical shortcoming than a ring species.

Perhaps your objection is more based on a lack of knowledge than anything else?

[+] conwayanderson|11 years ago|reply
Using your own definition for species, you're supporting the claim that they are all the same species. They have produced "offspring."
[+] zo1|11 years ago|reply
"I don't believe it." Most people here are talking about technicalities of the definition of species, etc.

But what I'll mention to you is: Have you not noticed how similar the taste is between some of these mentioned items?

[+] hausen|11 years ago|reply
Biologists and botanists have a way to avoid any confusion. For them, they belong to the same genus, but not to the same species.
[+] jacquesm|11 years ago|reply
The word 'believe' has no place in a scientific debate. Either you know or you don't know. What you believe does not enter into it, that means you need to do more research or read up on the research that has already been done.
[+] kolev|11 years ago|reply
Yes and they all are powerful goitrogenic plants. Don't eat them raw... unless you hate your thyroid! When I see people sipping on raw kale juice, I feel sorry for them! Raw is not always better! Would you eat raw potatoes, for example, or raw mushrooms (toxins), or spinach (rich in oxalates)?
[+] wcummings|11 years ago|reply
If you have a healthy thyroid, raw kale is fine. Similarly, if you have healthy kidneys the amount of oxalates in raw kale or spinach shouldn't be a problem.

So tired of hearing this nonsense from people who read a few blog posts instead of asking their doctor.

[+] ejstronge|11 years ago|reply
I just looked this up in the PubMed biomedical literature database and there aren't many studies that correlate the goitrogenic activity of cabbages, et al., to human thyroid activity.

What's the impact of having kale juice once a day for a year? What if we simply consume extra iodine? Send links to papers if you have any primary references.

[+] darklajid|11 years ago|reply
(Oh man, it was weird to look up "kale". Google translate seems to offer lots of suggestions that aren't exactly edible)

I eat mushrooms raw, quite a lot. You seem to think that this is a bad idea, but.. I wouldn't know why (and would certainly have a hard time believing that this is Not Good). It might help to present a bit of a disclaimer/"this is.where I'm coming from" statement in your post, before you start?

[+] freehunter|11 years ago|reply
I eat raw broccoli and raw spinach even together in a salad. I can even go to the store and find raw spinach prepackaged in salads, claiming they are ready to eat.
[+] kolev|11 years ago|reply
I guess there are way too many kale sippers here as downvotes are piling up! Like the karma here will pay my bills. I guess the kale makes you aggressively vindictive. No, I don't have a PubMed article for that causation/correlation.